胸腔內科護理人員對肺結核病患的照顧意願及其影響因素之探討

The Willingness of Nurses to Care for Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A survey of Nurses Working in Chest Medicine Units

羅筱芬(Shau-Fen Lo) ； 邱艷芬(Yann-Fan Chiou) ； 李茹萍(Ru-Ping Lee)

《慈濟醫學雜誌》 11卷1期 (1999/03) Pp. 61-68

https://doi.org/10.6440/TZUCMJ.199903.0061

摘要

本研究的主要目的在探討護理人員對肺結核病患之照顧意願及其影響因素。收案期間自民國85年10月至12月，以全省(包括北、高兩市)八十二至八十四年度經行政院衛生署評鑑為區域綜合醫院之胸腔內科護理人員為研究對象，利用問卷做個別填表調查。問卷內容主要分為：基本資料、照顧意願、個人經歷、疾病認知、護理倫理認知及工作情境等六部份，共計發出314份問卷，回收297份，有效問卷244份。 受訪之護理人員多為年輕、未婚，多數有實際照顧肺結核病患的經驗，但未接受過與肺結核相關訓練。年齡、任職原因、個人經歷及工作情境與照顧意願有相關性存在，其中年齡、個人經歷及工作情境對照顧意願的解釋力為23%(R2=0.23)；照顧意願會隨著年齡的增加而降低；任職原因、個人經歷及工作情境與照顧意願問則有正向相關，但在個人經歷方面，多數受訪者對肺結核病患的印象較偏負向，導致照顧意願偏低；護理人員對福利、保障及保護設備的要求與單位所能提供的愈相近者，則認知與照顧意願間均未達統計上有意義之差異或相關。

關鍵字

肺結核 ； 照顧意願 ； 個人經歷 ； 疾病認知 ； 護理倫理認知 ； 工作情境

並列摘要

The purpose of this descriptive study was to investigate the willingness of nurses to care for patients with pulmonary TB and factors that influence their willingness. Subjects were recruited from nurses who worked in chest medicine (CM) wards in 10 regional hospitals in Taiwan from October to December of 1996. Astructured questionnaire was sent to each subject, asking them to give the following information: demographic data, perceived influence of relatives, knowledge about pulmonary TB, attitude towards patients with communicable diseases, expectations about work conditions, acknowledgment of the patients’ right, and their willingness to care for patients with pulmonary TB. A total of 244 (74.7%) questionnaires were returned. The major statistical procedures applied to process the data were: frequencies, chi-square, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression. The majority of the subjects were young (mean age 24.2), unmarried (84%), with junior college education (84.4%), had experience in taking care of patients with pulmonary TB (81.66%), and had never received any training to care for pulmonary TB patients (76.6%) by the hospital. The results indicated that nurses’ willingness to take care of these patients was poor. However, if better protection was provided, they would be more willing to take care of TB patients. The statistical results showed that perceived influence from relatives, age, knowledge about pulmonary TB, expectations about work conditions, acknowledgment of patients’ rights and reasons for working in CM ward were significantly associated with and predictive of their willingness to care for pulmonary TB patients (p＜0.05). These variables explained 33% of the variance of willingness. Among them, perceived influence from relatives contributed 17.7% and was the highest variable. It was concluded that perceived influence from relatives, knowledge about pulmonary TB, and acknowledgment of patients’ rights were personal variables affecting a nurse’s willingness to care for pulmonary TB patients. However, such willingness might be promoted by providing more protective working conditions. These findings provided a good reference for nursing administrators in assigning nurses to work in a CM ward. It also suggested interventions to encourage nurses to care for patients with pulmonary TB, and to design in-service education.

並列關鍵字

pulmonary tuberculosis ； willingness ； personal experience ； cognition of disease ； nursing ethics ； working environment