This paper uses the impact factors to evaluate the benefits of ameliorating obesity relevant diseases among middle-aged and elderly people in Taiwan. Data from the ”Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: A Two Township Study” project and National Health Insurance (NHI) are used for the empirical analysis. Moreover, because realizing the total medical expenditure of the sample has policy implications, we also investigate the non-specific diseases and compare them with obesity relevant diseases. The results show that if we can ameliorate obesity among middle-aged and elderly people and reduce the body mass index of ill and overweight persons to the standard level, the costs of our medical services would decrease NT $5.71 billions and NT$1.02 billions, respectively. If the non-specific diseases are counted in as well, then the medical costs for corresponding groups would cut NT $7.13 billions and NT$2.49 billions respectively.