The competitive advantage derived from agglomeration or clustering has been an important source of growth and innovation for many Taiwanese firms, particularly when facing economic crises. It is therefore necessary for scholars to invest in more systematic and interdisciplinary research that examines Taiwanese firms developing cross-strait industrial clusters and the effects of this process on firm competitiveness and growth. In order to promote such research, this special issue contains three articles related to ”Cluster Competitiveness and Global Deployment of Taiwanese Firms” that present quality research efforts investigating the clustering process of Taiwanese firms in different industries and their pursuit of growth and superior performance. In addition to highlighting the content and contribution of each paper, this introduction also discusses related clustering and performance research. Implications and suggestions for future research are also proposed, with the hope of stimulating discussion and interdisciplinary cooperation within the community of management academics in order to facilitate the study of clusters and firm competitiveness.