傅柯論權力與主體

Michel Foucault on Power and Subject

林淑芬(Shu-Fen Lin)

《人文及社會科學集刊》 16卷1期 (2004/03) Pp. 117-150

https://doi.org/10.6350/JSSP.200403.0117

摘要

本文以傅柯(Michel Foucault)對超驗主體(transcendental subject)的質疑，知識／權力及主體形構(subject formation)的交互關聯，和其所涉及的細緻的規訓(disciplinary)、律化(regulatory)力量網絡的詮釋，及系譜學分析所強調的歷史脈絡及偶然性(contingency)，提出對「國家」與「公民」的一種嘗試性的解讀方式。亦即以「權力關係」取代「國家」、以「主體」置換對於「公民」的討論，並勾勒出系譜政治想像的輪廓。本文最後則針對前述系譜政治所隱藏的「去政治化」等問題提出補充說明。

關鍵字

主體 ； 權力 ； 現代性 ； 抵抗 ； 政治

並列摘要

This essay attempts to provide an alternative reading of ”citizen” and ”state”. It draws on Foucault's interrogation/de-construction of the ”transcendental subject”, knowledge power/subject relationship, as well as his analysis of the disciplinary and regulatory power networks. Based on this, the essay displaces classical discussions of ”state” with ”power relations”; ”citizen” with ”subject”. In so doing, the essay clarifies the meaning of ”genealogical politics” and brings into light the latter's radical potentials when reflecting on contemporary political condtions. Finally, the essay reflects on the tendency of 'de-politicization' in genealogical politics, and suggests ”reactivating” politics with categories such as ”articulation” and ”hegemony”.

並列關鍵字

subject ； power ； modernity ； resistance ； the political

參考文獻

Allison,Henry(1983).Kant's Transcendental Idealism: An Interpretation and Defence.New Haven:Yale University Press.

Arendt,Hannah(1958).The Human Condition.Chicago:The University of Chicago Press.

Arendt,Hannah(1977).Between Past and Future: Eight Exercises in Political Thought.New York:Penguin Books.

Arendt,Hannah(1979).The Recovery of the Public Word.New York:St.Martin's Press.

Bauman,Zygman(1991).Modernity and Ambivalence.Oxford:Polity Press.