落花生新品種花蓮2號之育成

Development of Peanut Variety Hualien No.2

余德發(Der-Fa Yu)

《花蓮區農業改良場研究彙報》 22期 (2004/08) Pp. 2-19

https://doi.org/10.6957/RBHDAIS.200408.0002

摘要

落花生花蓮2號係以（台南選9號 × H.I. 9302）F1為母本，花育1號為父本，於1994年春作進行人工雜交，1994年秋作至1996年秋作以單粒後裔法進行雜交後代之分離及選拔單株，1997年春作至1999年秋作進行品系試驗（品系代號為HL 83-05），2001年春作至2002年秋作進行區域試驗（品系代號為花育12號）。此品系由於大莢多粒，且適合鮮食及加工用，於2003年10月17日通過審查，登記為「花蓮2號」，商品名稱為「三莢公」。落花生花蓮2號屬於瓦倫西亞型（Valencia type），生育日數春作約120～130天，秋作約為105～115天。植株直立，平均株高春作約35.4 cm，秋作約36.6 cm，分枝數5～6支。葉綠色橢圓型，莖呈淺綠色，花橙黃色。莢果長筒形，長約4.54 cm，寬約1.39 cm，百莢重約209～224 g，莢果略有網紋，屬於多粒莢型。籽粒為橢圓形，長約1.58 cm，寬約0.91 cm，千粒重約643～684 g，種皮為粉紅色。平均莢果產量春作約2972 kg/ha，秋作約2421 kg/ha；籽粒產量春作約2103 kg/ha，秋作約1645 kg/ha。籽粒油分含量春作約53.3％，秋作約52.9％；蛋白質含量春作約25.7％，秋作約24.7％。在田間自然發病情形下，銹病與葉斑病罹病等級較對照品種台南11號輕微。

關鍵字

落花生 ； 品種改良 ； 瓦倫西亞型

並列摘要

A new peanut variety Hualien No. 2 has been developed and released by Hualien DAIS in 2003. The commercial name is called 'Sann-Ngeh-Kong'. This variety was derived by using the single-seed descent method from a cross between F1 (Tainan sel. 9 × H.I. 9302) and Hua-Yu No. 1 at spring crop in 1994. The final single plant selection was made in F5 generation and Hualien No. 2 was evaluated in series of tests during 1997~1999 at the experimental field of Hualien DAIS, and at the major peanut production area in Hualien under the designation of HL 83-05. In addition, Hualien No. 2 was evaluated in regional yield trials around the Island during 2001-2002 for its yield potential and stability under the designation of Hua-Yu No. 12. Hualien No. 2 is a Valencia type peanut with erect growth habit and required approximately 120 to 130 days and 105~115 days to harvest, respectively, in the spring and fall in Taiwan. The pod size is 4.55 cm x 1.39 cm, and the kernel size is 1.58 cm x 0.91 cm. The 100-pod weight is 209~224 g and the 1000-kernel weight is 64.3~68.4 g. Hualien No. 2 possess high yield potential and the average pod yield is 2972 kg/ha in the spring crop and 2421 kg/ha in the fall crop. The average kernel yield are 2103 and 1645 kg/ha in the spring and fall crop, respectively. Oil and protein content are 52.9~53.3% and 24.7~25.7%, respectively. Hualien No. 2 has higher resistance to rust and leaf spot than the commercial cultivar Tainan No. 11 in the field conditions.

並列關鍵字

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) ； Variety improvement ； Valencia type