蔬菜成苗包裝機械之研製

Development of Packing Machine for Vegetable Seedlings

馮鼎安(Ding-An Feng) ； 馮丁樹(Din-Sue Fon) ； 陳世銘(Suming Chen)

《農業機械學刊》 5卷3期 (1996/09) Pp. 17-27

https://doi.org/10.30062/JAM.199609.0002

摘要

近年來由於育苗技術的改良，農民已有採用穴盤苗之趨勢，而在種苗的栽培生產上也走向專業化的育苗中心。本研究乃針對國內七處自動化蔬菜育苗中心示範點進行包裝作業的評估以及包裝機械的設計開發，使種苗生產能夠在成苗包裝的部份，以機械化來取代人力。目前裝箱機已經完成設計及製作，經裝箱測試結果，機械裝箱作業速率平均爲30箱／小時。包裝箱設計在裝箱性能以正面開9孔側面開4孔之設計爲最佳，在裝箱成功率可達92%。成苗裝箱後經實際路程運送3小時，裝箱震動對穴盤苗並無損傷，成苗裝箱單次傾倒試驗損傷率爲1.6%。60公分高度衝擊試驗損傷率爲9.3%。以單因子變異數分析，檢驗機械與人工裝箱的差異性，於5%的顯著水準檢定，發現兩組裝箱方式在傾倒試驗和衝擊下落試驗中差異性並不顯著，顯示機械裝箱和人工裝箱有近似的效果。

關鍵字

穴盤苗 ； 包裝機械 ； 紙箱

並列摘要

The seedling nursery technology, as having been much improved in these years, has made the farmers more willing to use the plug seedlings. In the seedling production operations, the seedling nursery centers are more specialized than before. However, equipment for seedling transport with suitable packing machines is in need. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the process of present packaging operations and to design a packing machine for using at seedling nursery demonstration centers. Box containers were collected from the current nursery centers and punched holes on the surface in various patterns to study the air block problem during machine packing. The best observed type of box has 9 holes punched on the front and 4 on both sides.
A packing machine for vegetable seedlings with hand-feed plug trays has been developed and tested in this study. The rate of packing can reach 30boxes per hour. The chance of success for complete operations is 92%. Nodamage was found on seedlings packed in containers after 3 hours of vibration caused by transportation. The seedling damage was as low as 1.6% in the box tilting test, and 9.3% in the 60 cm high impact test. The discrepancy between machine and human packing operations was not significant at 0.05 level.

並列關鍵字

Seedling ； Packaging machine ； Container