開放式蛋雞舍內環境品質之量測與分析及改善對策之研究

A Study on the Measurement and Analysis of Environmental Quality and Improvement for Open-Type Laying House

雷鵬魁(Perng-Kwei Lei)

《農業機械學刊》 6卷3期 (1997/09) Pp. 43-62

https://doi.org/10.30062/JAM.199709.0005

摘要

隨著政府推行畜牧生產自動化之工作，不僅要提升作業的效率，並且需要提升產業之形象。而改善畜舍環境品質除有助於增加產量並可保障動物及工作人員之健康，是以如何改善畜舍環境品質將成為今後畜牧業發展的重要課題。在目前國內相關基礎研究欠缺的情況下，本研究利用現有之監測設備對畜舍環境品質進行量測與分析及探討改善對策，以建立基本資料來提供畜舍環境改善及自動化設備應用之基本依據為目的。
畜舍環境品質的因子有溫度、相對濕度、氨氣濃度、二氧化碳濃度及粉塵濃度等。本研究以開放式蛋雞舍為對象，對上述之因子進行量測分析與探討。量測與分析之結果指出舍內溫度之月平均值在20～31℃之間，相對濕度之月平均值在73～83%之間，而氨氣、二氧化碳及粉塵濃度之平均值範圍分別為26～32 ppm、399～460 ppm、以及7.2～25.1 cpm。氨氣濃度的變化受到通風試驗之風速大小的影響，低風速時之氨氣濃度顯著地高於高風速者。
於晴天時以溫度預測相對溼度及以日射量、溫度、相對溼度預測氨氣濃度的方程式已建立，其R^(2)值分別為0.964與0.958。預測方程式可供日後發展自動化環控系統使用。改善環境品質措施方面，宜進行通風作業並視環境與經濟效益之限制，使用降溫與除濕措施。

關鍵字

開放式蛋雞舍 ； 量測與分析 ； 環境品質 ； 改善對策

並列摘要

Improvement of livestock environment will become an important research topic followed by the government policy of automatic production and it can increase the production efficiency and protect the health of both human and livestock. The existing monitoring and measurement system will be used in this study based on the economical consideration. The experimental results will be recommeded for the environmental control.
The parameters of livestock environmental quality include temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), ammonia concentration (NH3), carbon dioxide concentration (CO2), airborne dust concentration. These parameters are measured and analyzed for laying house. The results showed that the monthly mean temperature and relative humidity ranged from 20 to 31℃ and 73 to 83%, respectively. The mean values of NH3, CO2 and airborne dust concentrations ranged from 26 to 32ppm, 399 to 460ppm, and 7.2 to 25.1cpm respectively. Ventilation rate appeared to be an important factor influencing the concentrations of NH3. The mean values of NH3 were significantly higher for low ventilation rate than those for high ventilation rate.
Equations of relative humidity predicted by temperature, and ammonia concentration predicted by solar radiation, relative humidity and temperature have been developed for clear day. The R^2 values are 0.964 and 0.958 respectively for the predicting equations which can be applied for automatic environmental control system. The recommended improving methods are adding ventilation system and considering the environmental and economical constraints for cooling and dehumidifying system.

並列關鍵字

Open-type laying house ； Measurement and analysis ； Environmental quality ； Improvement