蝴蝶蘭冷房催花設施作業用電成本分析

The Cost Evaluation of Electrical Consumption for the Low Temperature Phalaenopsis Orchid Flower Induction Facility

吳柏青(Po-Ching Wu) ； 謝銘融(Ming-Rong Shieh) ； 黃建維(Chien-Wei Huang) ； 林耀川(Yao-Chuan Lin)

《農業機械學刊》 13卷1期 (2004/03) Pp. 41-57

https://doi.org/10.30062/JAM.200403.0004

摘要

冷房催花設施可有效調節蝴蝶蘭花期，以增加收益。但台灣夏季較長且氣溫過高，以冷氣調節溫度勢必將大幅增加設施用電量及生產成本。本研究目的乃針對蝴蝶蘭之冷房催花設施作業進行用電成本分析，藉此瞭解大氣環境對作業用電量之影響。此外，針對用電量與大氣溫度進行迴歸分析，依此迴歸式估算夏秋兩季及全年之催花設施用電量。蝴蝶蘭冷房催花設施之日間溫度隨大氣溫度及日照增加而逐漸升高，而設施之配置及方位亦明顯影響設施內部溫度及相對濕度分佈情形。除降雨量外，最高溫度、最低溫度、大氣溫度、相對濕度、日照及南外側溫度等環境參數顯著影響用電量，而大氣溫度與用電量之相關性最高，因此依據大氣溫度預估冷房催花作業用電量。秋季、夏季及全年之催花用電成本分別為24.2元／株、44.7元／株及28.4元／株。為提高冷房容積效率，降低催花作業用電成本，初步規劃一立體式冷房催花設施，雖然採用立體式栽培可提高空間利用率，以節省冷房所需之冷凍能力，但相對地需要增加硬體投資及人工照明之費用。

關鍵字

蝴蝶蘭 ； 溫室 ； 降溫 ； 催花

並列摘要

The flower induction facility can regulate the flowering period of Phalaenopsis orchid and increase the profit for the farmers. In the summer time, the high temperature will increase the electrical consumption and operating cost by using air conditioning in the flower induction facility. This study was to evaluate the cost of electrical consumption for the Phalaenopsis orchid flower induction facility and to understand the effects of weather condition on the electrical consumption. Based on the regression analysis of electrical consumption and air temperature, the electrical consumption for each season can be estimated. The daytime temperature inside the flower induction facility increased with increasing air temperature and sunshine duration. The layout and orientation of the flower induction facility significantly affect the distribution of temperature and relative humidity inside the facility. Except the precipitation, the highest temperature, the lowest temperature, air temperature, relative hu midity, sunshine duration and the outside temperature in south side significantly affect the electrical consumption. The air temperature was highly correlated to the electrical consumption. Therefore, the electrical consumption can be estimated by air temperature. The costs of electrical consumption were 24.2 NTD/pot, 44.7 NTD/pot, 28.4 NTD/pot for fall season, summer season and whole year. In order to increase the space efficiency of flower induction facility and reduce the cost of electrical consumption, a three dimensional flower induction facility was designed. Although this three dimensional flower induction facility had higher efficiency for the space utilization and saved more cooling capacity, the hardware investment and the cost for artificial lighting system will increase by using this facility.

並列關鍵字

Phalaenopsis Orchid ； Greenhouse ； Cooling ； Flower Induction