落花生種仁及膜芽分離機構設計參數之研究

STUDY ON THE DESIGN PARAMETERS OF KERNEL-FILM AND BUD SEPARATING MECHANISM FOR GERMINATED PEANUTS

朱健松(Jain-Song Ju) ； 曾琮哲(Cong-Zhe Zeng)

《農業機械學刊》 25卷2期 (2016/06) Pp. 13-25

摘要

白藜蘆醇（resveratrol）是一種非黃酮類的酚類物質，是植物為抵禦病菌入侵而產生的一種抗毒型物質，它擁有抗氧化，預防癌症等多種對人體有益的效能，適合用作保健食品。落花生提煉白藜蘆醇的過程中，就是應用浸泡、覆水、去膜去芽、切片與環控培養這個動作，促進白黎蘆醇等二次代謝物之生合成。而在落花生的前置作業對品質的影響不可小覷，其中以種仁及膜芽分離最費時費力。本研究針對此問題，所開發分離機構分成二階段進行；第一階段是將浸泡發芽落花生由震動盤提供入料至承盤，經橡膠滾筒與輸送帶作動以差速原理脫膜，滾筒間距控制在24.4 mm以內且壓縮量在7 mm時，種仁損傷性最小。落花生壓擠後進行第二階段種仁及膜芽分離，試驗結果噴嘴壓力在8.0 kg/cm^2及滾筒轉速30 rpm與輸送帶46 rpm時，平均分離效率達86.7%，本機構由人機介面全程監控，以PLC控制進水量、馬達與攪拌桿轉速及時間，整體效益是可縮短前置作業的時間和加工衛生的功能，提高提煉白藜蘆醇的品質。

關鍵字

落花生 ； 白藜蘆醇 ； 可程式控制器 ； 人機介面 ； 分離機

並列摘要

Resveratrol is a type of non-flavonoid phenol. It is an antitoxic substance produced by a damaged plant to prevent further injury. Resveratrol has anti -oxidation and cancer-prevention characteristics, making it beneficial to the human body and thus suitable for health care products. There are four preprocesses before peanuts can be used to extract resveratrol, which are soaking, removal of the peanuts' film and bud, slicing, and environment-controlled cultivation. These preprocesses are used to boost the production of resveratrol as well as its secondary metabolites. The preprocesses also play a major role in the quality of the resveratrol produced. Among these processes, removing the peanuts' film and bud is the most time- and effort-consuming process. Therefore, in this research, we explored this process to identify a means of improving it. The result was a novel mechanism consisting of two main processes. First, soaked peanuts were fed to a conveyer from a retainer with a vibrating feeder; the conveyer then delivered the soaked peanut to a roller that separated the peanut in two pieces. The experimental results reveal that the gap between the roller and conveyer must be less than 24.4 mm with 7 mm of compression provided to achieve the lowest damage rate of the peanuts. The second process, the removal of the peanut's film and bud, could be achieved with spring nozzle pressure of 8.0 kg/cm^2 and rotational speed of 36 rpm for roller and conveyer speed of 52 rpm. The average success rate of this process was 86.7%. The internal condition of this mechanism could be fully monitored using a human-machine interface (HMI) and programmable logic controller (PLC) to manage the water's flow rate, the motor and the rotation speed of the stir bar. This mechanism was proven to greatly shorten the time taken for this preprocess and improve the sanitation of resveratrol production. Thus, the quality of the extracted resveratrol can also be improved.

並列關鍵字

Peanut ； Resveratrol ； PLC ； HMI ； Separating mechanism