氣相層析技術應用於空氣汙染物分析

Applications of Gas Chromatography in Air Pollutant Analysis

王介亨(Chieh-Heng Wang) ； 歐陽長風(Chang-Feng Ouyang) ； 王家麟(Jia-Lin Wang)

《科儀新知》 163期 (2008/04) Pp. 61-72

https://doi.org/10.29662/IT.200804.0008

摘要

本文主要探討氣相層析技術(GC)在空氣汙染分析上的應用。因GC具有強大的分離能力及選擇性多元的偵測方法，使其特別適合分析空氣中具有高蒸氣壓、高揮發度的汙染物質。在樣品進入氣相層析之前，汙染物質在空氣中的濃度高低決定了進樣方法，當濃度高於GC偵測極限時可選擇定壓定容法直接進樣，當濃度低於偵測極限時則可採線上濃縮進樣法，兩者均能和商業化GC輕易結合，再配合自動化的軟、硬體就可構成一自動層析系統。藉由上述概念，本實驗室已發展出若干用於監測空氣汙染物質之自動化層析系統，針對如一氧化碳(CO)、甲烷(CH4)、氟氯碳化物(CFCs)、全氟碳化合物(PFCs)及揮發性有機化合物(VOCs)等汙染物，用於探討諸如室內空氣品質、光煙霧形成、臭氧層破壞乃至於溫室效應等環境議題。

並列摘要

This paper discusses the applications of gas chromatography (GC) in air pollutant analysis. Because of the large vapor pressure, high volatility, and, hence, the gaseous nature of organic air pollutants, GC inherited with powerful separation capability and a large selection of detection methods is particularly suited for analyzing these species in the ambient air. Depending on the abundance of an air pollutant, either constant pressure-volume sample loop injection or on-line enrichment method can be coupled with a commercially available GC, interfaced by automation software and hardware, to perform automated analysis. By doing so, several systems have been developed in our laboratory to monitor air pollutants such as: CO, CH4, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), as well as volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These air pollutants measured by the techniques discussed are significant to the environmental issues ranging from indoor air quality, smog formation, ozone depletion, as well as green house effect.