摘要
鼻呼吸道阻塞的手術治療主要是針對鼻中隔彎曲、下鼻甲肥厚以及鼻閥阻塞所造成的鼻呼吸道狹窄而進行矯正。藉由Killian或是hemitransfixion切口，於軟骨膜下解剖平面將軟骨膜與鼻中隔軟硬骨完全分開，輕微的鼻中隔軟骨變形可使用貫穿兩側鼻軟骨的平行線或棋盤格的切開加上之後的仔細縫合進行變形的矯正，嚴重的鼻中隔軟骨變形則在保留結構支撐的L型支柱下，切除造成阻塞的變形軟骨及硬骨，並進行重建之後再行重新固定，必要時需施行spreader graft置入，以解除鼻閥角過小的問題。下鼻甲過度肥厚導致鼻塞時，可進行微創鼻甲黏膜下縮減手術，但若下鼻甲骨也肥厚，光是縮減下鼻甲黏膜的效果可能不佳，需施行鼻甲黏膜下切除手術。部分鼻甲切除手術會破壞過多具有生理功能的鼻甲粘膜，不建議施作。
並列摘要
Surgical treatment for nasal airway obstruction corrects nasal septal deviation, inferior turbinate hypertrophy, and nasal valve stenosis. Through a Killian or hemitransfixion incision, the septal cartilage and bone are separated from the septal mucosa after subperichondrial dissection. Minor deformities can be corrected by cutting or carving; however, major deformities should be corrected by removing the cartilaginous and bony deformities after maintainingthe L-strut, followed by septal reconstruction and proper fixation. Further procedures, such as spreader graft implantation, may be necessary for patients with nasal valve stenosis. Inferior turbinate hypertrophy may be treated with minimally invasive turbinate reduction or submucosal turbinectomy. Partial turbinectomy is not recommended because it may cause complications after the destruction of the turbinate mucosa.
延伸閱讀
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