雲林縣濁水溪南岸鄉鎮民居空間之地理學探究

A Geographical Exploration of House Space in Townships along the Choshui River South Bank

黃衍明(Yen-Ming Huang) ； 劉亞蘭(Ya-Lan Liu)

《地理研究》 69期 (2018/11) Pp. 61-82

https://doi.org/10.6234/JGR.201811_(69).0003

摘要

民居建築歸屬於人文地理一環，應是自然與人文條件交互影響的產物。但當影響因素眾多，而影響因素本身又自成複雜的因果脈絡，便難以釐清地理因素與民居建築特徵之間的關係。雖然民居建築與地理條件之間的實證關係難以建立，但二者間的詮釋關係仍值得探究。本文嘗試以地理學觀點詮釋民居空間之特徵，重新連結地理與民居之間的關連性。本文以濁水溪南岸的傳統農舍合院為例，調查雲林縣境內六鄉鎮的95村里的傳統農舍民居共計175件案例，記錄其空間特徵並分析各種空間特徵的地理分布趨勢。本文選取四項地理因素，分別是地形、氣候、人口、產業經濟，與民居空間特徵變化趨勢進行比對分析，獲得以下結論：1.民居空間特徵分布趨勢可分「山海突出模式」與「平原突出模式」。前者大多與自然地理中的地形條件較為相關；而後者與人文地理中的農業需求有關。2.若干民居空間特徵與地理條件的關係較緊密，稱為「基本空間特徵」；若干空間特徵則建立在其他空間特徵上，與地理因素較為疏遠，屬於「複合空間特徵」。3.除地形與經濟產業外，氣候與人口因素對濁水溪南岸民居空間的影響並不明顯。本研究對象僅限濁水溪南岸六鄉鎮，地理條件有限。若要深究民居與地理的關係，仍須在各種不同地理條件下進行比對。而且經濟、社會日益變遷，傳統農舍民居都不斷調適外在環境的變遷，民居與地理的動態影響關係仍待持續觀察。

關鍵字

民居空間 ； 地理條件 ； 濁水溪南岸

並列摘要

Houses are a part of human geography, and a product of interactions between natural and human geographies. Because numerous influential factors construct complicated relationships, the relationships between house characteristics and geographical factors are difficult to clarify. Although the positive relationships between houses and geography cannot be established, the hermeneutic relationships between them can be anticipated. This study mainly attempts to reestablish the relationships between houses and geography based on a hermeneutic geographical point of view. This study takes houses located along the south bank of the Choshui River as examples. A total of 175 farm houses in 95 villages of 6 townships of Yunlin County are investigated. The spatial characteristics are recorded and their distributions are analyzed. This study selects 4 geographical factors, i.e. topography, climate, population, and economy, to make comparative analyses with the distributions of spatial characteristics. The outcomes are as follows: 1. The geographical distributions of house spatial characteristics can be categorized as ＂mountain-sea prominent mode＂ and ＂plain prominent mode＂. The former mostly correlates with topography categorized as natural geography. The later correlates with an agricultural economy categorized as human geography. 2. Some spatial characteristics, strongly correlating with geographical factories, can be termed ＂Basic Spatial Characteristics＂; the others, reproduced by basic spatial characteristics, can be termed ＂Composite Spatial Characteristics＂. 3. In addition to topography and economy, the influences of other selected geographical factors, i.e. climate and population, are not significant. This research is merely focused on the 6 townships along the south bank of the Choshui River. The geographical situations are limited. More comparative studies within various geographical situations are necessary in order to deeply inspect the relationships between houses and geography. The socio-economical situations are transforming, and traditional farm houses are adapting to the changing external environment. The dynamic relationships between houses and geography are still worth observing.

並列關鍵字

House Space ； Geographical Factors ； South Bank of the Choshui River

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