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論層次邏輯-以哲學與文學作對應考察

Study of Stratification Logic on Philosophy and Literature

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摘要


層次邏輯有別於「傳統邏輯」的邏輯形式。「傳統邏輯」的邏輯形式,主要是經由求「同」(歸納)求「異」(演繹),以確定其真偽、是非為目的;而「層次邏輯」,則主要在求「同」(歸納)求「異」(演繹)過程中,呈現其時、空或內蘊之層次為內容。這種邏輯層次,通常都由多樣的「二元對待」為基礎,而經「移位與轉位」之過程與「『多』、『二』、『一(0)』螺旋結構」之終極統合,形成其完整系統;這不但可由《周易》與《老子》等哲學典籍中找出它的理論根源,也可從詩歌與散文等文學作品的章法結構中尋得它的具體呈現。因此本文即從「二元對待」(含「對比與調和」)、「移位與轉位」、與「『多』、『二』、『一(0)』螺旋結構」等層面切入,作對應之探討,以凸顯出層次邏輯在哲學與文學中的紐帶作用。

並列摘要


Stratification logic differs from conventional logic. The conventional logic aims to p rove the truth/fallacy of a statement by means of epagoge (similarity) and deduction (difference). On the other hand, stratification logic presents the level of time and space as well as the profundity of connotation while seeking similarities and differences. Stratification logic is primarily based on ”binary counterpoise” (contrast vs. concord), evolved by ”shift and transfer”, and integrated as a spiral structure (the ”multiple, binary, and unitary (zero)” structure). The logic of ”binary counterpoise”, simply speaking, is a kind of ”opposed unity”. Such a structure can be applicable to philosophy as well as literature. For example, one can find the philosophical foundation in Book of Changes and Lao Tze that dealt with the binary theory. One can also find the organization of writing in poetry and prose that embodies the variation of the ”multiple, binary, and unitary (zero)” structure.

參考文獻


王弼(1974)。老子王弼注
王希杰(2002)。章法學門外閑談。臺北:《圖文天地》。
王長俊(2000)。詩歌意象學
仇小屏(1998)。文章章法論。臺北:萬卷樓圖書公司。
仇小屏(2000)。篇章結構類型論上、下。臺北:萬卷樓圖書公司。

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