混和研究與質量爭議

Mixed Research and the Qualitative-Quantitative Debate

郭秋永(Chiu-Yeoung Kuo)

《東吳政治學報》 29卷1期 (2011/03) Pp. 1-64

https://doi.org/10.6418/SJPS.201103.0001

摘要

在社會科學方法論的研究領域中，一些著名學者曾將近三十年來的發展大勢，分成「質典範」、「量典範」、以及「混和典範」等三個時期。根據這些學者的見解，所謂第三個發展時期的「混和典範」，乃是整合「質典範」與「量典範」而成的一個新典範，從而意指它已經終結了「質量爭議」或「典範戰爭」。誠然，近幾年來，奠基在「混和典範」之上所進行的「混和研究」，確實所在多有，也出版了許多期刊論文與專門書籍，但是「混和典範」是否能夠或已經終結了「典範戰爭」，卻惹起廣泛而又深入的一連串質疑。這一連串質疑所涉及的棘手課題，大體上仍是「質量爭議」中長期以來尚未解決的根本課題。面對這些糾纏不清的棘手課題，本文試圖透過一個簡單區分與一個研究實例，去澄清其中幾個課題的關鍵所在，進而提出一些暫時性的解答。

關鍵字

典範 ； 典範戰爭 ； 質量爭議 ； 質方法 ； 量方法 ； 混和方法

並列摘要

Some famous scholars have divided the general developmental trend of social science methodology over the past 30 years into the following three periods: the period of ”quantitative paradigm”, the period of ”qualitative paradigm”, and the period of ”mixed paradigm”. According to the opinion of these scholars, ”mixed paradigm”, the so-called paradigm of the third period, has integrated the ”quantitative paradigm” and the ”qualitative paradigm” into a new paradigm, and thus terminates the ”qualitative-quantitative debate” or ”paradigm wars”.Indeed, the number of articles and books of the ”mixed methods research”, which is based on a ”mixed paradigm”, have rapidly increased in recent years, but whether the ”mixed paradigm” can or has already ended the ”paradigm war” has created a series of contestable problems. On the whole, complicated and thorny problems are still basic unresolved subjects in the ”qualitative-quantitative debate” and have been for a long time. In the face of these persistent thorny problems, this article, by using a simple classification and a example of research practice, attempts to clarify several key points and puts forward some temporary answers.

並列關鍵字

paradigm ； paradigm wars ； qualitative-quantitative debate ； quantitative method ； qualitative method ； mixed methods

參考文獻

Andrew, Bennett,Elman, Colin(2007).Qualitative Methods: The View from Subfields.Comparative Political Studies.40(2),111-121.

Bergman, Manfred Max(ed.)(2008).Advances in Mixed Methods Research: Theories and Applications.London:Sage.

Bergman, Manfred Max(2010).On Concepts and Paradigms in Mixed Methods Research.Journal of Mixed Methods Research.4(3),171-175.

Blaikie, Norman(2007).Approaches to Social Inquiry.MA:Polity Press.

Blaikie, Norman(2010).Designing Social Research. 2nd ed.MA:Polity Press.