從環境影響評估及團體訴訟制度看德國環境法的歐洲化衝擊

The Impact of the EU on German Environmental Law under the Environmental Impact Assessment and Citizen Suit System

劉如慧(Ru-Huei Liu)

《歐美研究》 41卷2期 (2011/06) Pp. 605-642

https://doi.org/10.7015/JEAS.201106.0605

摘要

歐洲整合迄今逾五十年，它所帶來的歐洲化衝擊遍及會員國的政府組織、行政運作、政策形成、法律架構、公民權利、國族認同，乃至社會文化、經濟金融秩序等。本文以歐盟環境法作為研究素材，並選擇德國作為研究對象，藉由環境影響評估制度以及團體訴訟制度的歐洲化歷程，比較研究德國環境法的適應情形。研究發現，適應良寙的因素主要在於新制度與既有制度之間的相容性以及行動者的態度。而且歐洲化有時並不等於單一化或一致化，在符合最低標準的前提下，各會員國可能呈現不同的風貌。

關鍵字

歐洲化衝擊 ； 環境影響評估 ； 團體訴訟

並列摘要

European integration has proceeded for over fifty years, impacting various aspects of Member States of the European Union, ranging from governmental organization to administrative operation, policy formation, legal framework, rights of citizens, national identity, social culture, economic and financial order, and so forth. This article focuses on the environmental law of the European Union and its impacts on Germany. This article examines the adaptation of German environmental law, by comparing the processes of adjusting the Environmental Impact Assessment and the Citizen Suit System. The findings of the study reveal that decisive elements of adaptation depend on the compatibility of the old and new systems, and of actors' attitudes. Furthermore, integration does not necessarily entail uniformity or consistency across the systems of the Member States. Under the prerequisite of meeting the minimum standards, the systems of individual Member States may retain considerable differences.

並列關鍵字

impact of Europeanization ； environmental impact assessment ； Citizen Suit

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