氣候變遷與環境難民保障機制之研究：國際法規範體系與歐美國家之實踐

Protection Measures Relating to Climate Change and Environmental Refugees-International Law Regime and the Practices of the EU and the USA

王震宇(Blake C. Y. Wang)

《歐美研究》 43卷1期 (2013/03) Pp. 149-212

https://doi.org/10.7015/JEAS.201303_43(1).0004

摘要

氣候變遷與環境難民是當代國際社會中特殊的現象，這些因受氣候變遷與環境影響而流離失所者，只能離開原居住地尋找安全處所定居，上述問題已無法以內國法有效處理。氣候變遷與環境難民在國際法上之定位仍有爭議，如何在尋求國際保護同時，又不違反國際法原則，國際社會必須密切合作，找出氣候變遷與環境難民保障機制之法律基礎，甚至制定新的氣候變遷與難民公約。本文以現有的國際難民保障體系為架構，並參酌歐美國家之實踐，提出以國際難民法、國際人權法、國際環境法等交錯競合的全新思維出發，試圖以多元思維的角度因應此複雜問題。

關鍵字

環境難民 ； 氣候變遷難民 ； 國際人權法 ； 國際難民法 ； 國際環境法

並列摘要

Environmental Refugees constitute a unique phenomenon in the modern international community. These environmentally-displaced persons are affected by climate change or other environmental factors, such as drought, soil salinization, desertification, deforestation, which result in environmental degradation that make their homelands unsafe to inhabit. These people have no alternative but to leave home in search of more secure environments in which to live. Some environmental refugees migrate across borders, while others are internally displaced. The status and definition of environmental refugees are still controversial under international legal regimes. States and international organizations (especially the UNHCR) need to cooperate closely to build the legal foundations of a global governance regime to deal with environmental refugees.

並列關鍵字

environmental refugee ； climate change refugee ； International Human Rights Law ； International Refugee Law ； International Environmental Law

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