嬰幼兒睡覺開夜燈與近視的相關性－國內醫院及學校的調查報告

Myopia and Ambient Lighting at Night a Hospital and School Survey in Taiwan

李建興(Jiahn-Shing Lee) ； 林耕國(Ken-Kuo Lin) ； 宋湖仙(Hu-Shien Song) ； 史麗珠(Lai-Chun See)

《中華民國眼科醫學會雜誌》 40卷3期 (2001/09) Pp. 309-314

https://doi.org/10.30048/ACTASOS.200109.0018

摘要

目的：根據Quinn等人的報導(Nature 399:113-114，1999)，幼兒在兩歲前睡覺開夜燈，日後近視率較關燈者高三至五倍。為了探討國內有無類似的相關性，我們採用與Quinn相似的方法，研究國人兩歲前睡覺開夜燈與近視的關係，以供近視防治的參考。
方法：收集長庚醫院眼科門診接受散瞳驗光小孩（醫院組），基隆市一所國小一到三年級，和龜山鄉五所幼稚園中、大班學童（學校組）的屈光度數；並以問卷或電話訪問方式詢問父母，其小孩兩歲前晚上睡覺時室內燈光的情況，分析與近視之相關性。
結果：在醫院組631個成功受訪者中，晚上睡覺時關燈（全暗組）的小孩有50%(48/96)近視，開小燈（小燈組）的有56.2%(282/502)近視，室內燈全開（全亮組）的則有69.7%(23/33)近視，無統計學之顯著差異。進一步將受檢小孩年齡分層，則二到六歲的近視罹患率，全暗組為10.7%(3/28)，小燈組為26.8%(37/138)，全亮組高達57.1%(4/7)，有統計意義(p=.029)。但是在學校組中，國小學童(n=552)的近視罹患率，全暗組為22.5%(25/111)，小燈組為23.1%(94/427)，全亮組為21.4%(3/14)；幼稚園學童(n=352)的近視罹患率，全暗組為6.1%(2/33)，小燈組為13.5%(40/297)，全亮組為9.1%(2/22)；均無統計學顯著差異。
結論：在台灣，嬰幼兒睡覺開夜燈對近視產生的效應並不像Quinn等人的研究那麼顯著，尤其是在社區的研究中，我們得到不同的結果。

並列摘要

Purpose: Quinn et al (Nature 399:113-114, 1999) reported that the prevalence of myopia during childhood was strongly associated with ambient lighting during sleep at night in the first two years after birth. In this study, both hospital-based and community-based data were collected to examine whether there is a similar association in Taiwan.
Method: We adopted the similar method to collect the refractive and questionnaire data in the Ophthalmology Clinic of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, in a elementary school of Keelung, and in 5 kindergartens of Kweishan.
Result: In the hospital-based data, a total of 631 children met our criteria. The prevalence of myopia was 50.0% (48/96) in the darkness group, 56.2% (282/502) in the night-light group, and 69.7% (23/33) in the room-light group; which was not statistically significant. After age was stratified, myopic rate was 10.7% (3/28) in the darkness group, 26.8% (37/138) in the night-light group, and 57.1% (4/7) in the room-light group for the youngest age group (2-6 y/o); and that was statistically significant (p=.029). However, among students in the elementary schools (n=552), the prevalence of myopia was 22.5% (25/111) in the darkness group, 23.1% (94/427) in the night-light group, and 21.4% (3/14) in the room-light group. Among children in the kindergartens (n=352), the prevalence of myopia was 6.1% (2/33), 13.5% (40/297), and 9.1% (2/22), respectively. It was not statistically significant in both groups.
Conclusion: In Taiwan, ambient lighting at night before the age of two is not a strong risk factor of myopia, especially in the community-based study.

並列關鍵字

myopia ； ambient lighting at night