Five Formulations of the Conceptual Structure of Motion and Their Cross-Linguistic Applicability: With Special Reference to Chinese

位移事件概念結構的五種分析模式及其對中文的適用性

儲誠志(Cheng-Zhi Chu)

《Concentric： Studies in Linguistics》 34卷1期 (2008/01) Pp. 1-26

https://doi.org/10.6241/concentric.ling.200801_34(1).0001

摘要

對於位移事件的概念結構，在認知語言學領域裏提出的分析模式主要有五種。這五種模式分別是Fillmore等的「原點－路徑－目標」模式，Talmy的「移動物－位移－路徑－參照物」模式，Langacker的著眼於位移事件的時間屬性來描寫移動物空間位置的序列改變的時間序列模式，Jackendoff的把位移事件的結構看作是由觀念領域裏一個更爲抽象的「函項－參數」結構通過映射而生成的衍生分析模式，以及Wierzbicka及其追隨者用一套有限的「語義元素」來描寫位移事件的自然的語義元語言模式。本文對這五種模式分別進行討論，考察比較這五種模式對位移事件相關語言表達的描寫分析是否充分、一致、和簡明，並主要通過中文來檢驗不同模式在跨語言分析中的適用性。文章顯示，Talmy的「移動物－位移－路徑－參照物」模式優於「原點－路徑－目標」等其他四種模式。

關鍵字

位移事件 ； 概念結構 ； 語言表達 ； 中文

並列摘要

This paper reviews five primary proposals for motion characterization made within the paradigm of cognitive linguistics and examines their applicability for analyzing motion representation in Mandarin Chinese. The five proposals are Fillmorean Source-Path-Goal formulation, Talmy's Figure-Move-Path-Ground characterization, Langacker's temporal perspective on the mover's sequential change of location, Jackendoff's view of motion as a mapping of a general function-argument conceptual organization, and Wierzbicka et al.'s semantic-prime style explication. With special reference to Chinese, it is observed that these five proposals differ with regard to level of descriptive adequacy, consistency and straightforwardness in analysis, and cross-linguistic applicability. In contrast, Talmy's framework provides a more fully-specified treatment of motion.

並列關鍵字

motion ； conceptual structure ； linguistic representation ； Chinese

參考文獻

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