研究機構技術移轉民間企業成敗因素之研究

A Study of Factors Which Affect Technology Transfer from Research Institutes to Industry-An Example of ITRI

楊明璧(Mirng-Bih Yang) ； 趙昌信(Chan-Shin Chao)

《大葉學報》 6卷1期 (1997/12) Pp. 111-118

https://doi.org/10.7119/JDYU.199712.0111

摘要

科技的創新是經濟成長的主要動力來源之一，一個公司要在競爭激烈的國際市場上生存，必須持續不斷的投入研究發展，以使產品及科技不斷的創新。然而現今一般科技創新研究需要投入大筆的資金，且往往需在多年之後才能顯現其經濟效益，實在非一般企業所能負擔。因此政府常需成立研究部門，或資助一些研究機構來從事經濟效益無法馬上顯現或資金龐大一般企業難負擔的研究，並將研究成果移轉給民間企業應用。我國的民間企業主要是以中小企業為主體；而中小企業尤其需要研究機構技術的移轉。過去政府研究機構曾將不少研究成果移轉給民間企業，然而並非全然成功。因此本研究乃希望藉分析探討技術移轉成敗因素，給研究機構及中小企業在作技術移轉時的參考。本研究先根據文獻將影響移轉的成敗因素歸納為五大構面；一、技術接受者特性，二、技術特性，三、移轉過程，四、移轉方式，五、技術提供者特性；並以工業技術研究院所作的技術移轉為探討對象。經由實證分析所獲的結果，我們發現影響技術移轉成效較為為顯著的因子為廠商資本額、員工流動率、技術複雜度、市場需求性及移轉過程雙方的互動情況。

關鍵字

研究機構 ； 技術移轉 ； 影響因素 ； 實證研究

並列摘要

Technology innovation is one of the most important factors for ecomomic growth. To compete in global market, a company has to introduce new products continuously. However, since it may cost a lot to develop new products, and its economic benefit may not show up until late, very few companies can afford the huge investment. Thus many governments are funding costly researches and transfer the technologies to industry. Since most of the companies in Taiwan are in small size, its government has been taking the role seriously. This study intends to figure out factors that significantly affect the result of technology transfers, and we chose ITRI as our focused research institute. Based on past studies, we categorized those factors that may affect the transfers into five dimensions, namely characteristics of technology receiver, characteristics of technology itself, transfer processes, transfer methods, and characteristics of technology provider. Among those factors examined, total asset, employee turnover rate, technology complexity, market demand, and interaction between the technology provider and its receivers affect the result of technology transfers significantly.

並列關鍵字

research institute ； technology transfer ； affecting factors ； empirical study