從病理到政略：搞歪一個社會學典範

From Pathology to Politics (For Queer against Cure): Queering a Sociological Paradigm

朱元鴻(Yuan-Horng Chu)

《台灣社會研究季刊》 24期 (1996/11) Pp. 109-141

https://doi.org/10.29816/TARQSS.199611.0004

摘要

本文透過酷兒理論近來發展的部份議題，回溯社會學知識發展中的醫療模型思考脈絡，檢討涂爾幹的常態／病態判分，功能論的偏差／解組與社會控制，以及社會問題與精神病學的病理化思考。相對的，藉著康吉萊姆對於常態／病態概念的科學史討論，以及陰陽兒醫學處置的批判分析，本文試圖說明「常態」與「自然」本身乃價值衝突的政治問題，並進一步討論醫療體制內外的常態化政略。最後，本文討論酷兒政略，為其界定較廣的脈絡，不限於反對異性戀體制，而在相對於常態化政略的警覺。

關鍵字

酷兒 ； 病理 ； 常態性 ； 社會問題 ； 偏差

並列摘要

Drawing on recent perspectives in queer theory, this article begins with a genealogy recapitulating the influential model of medication in the sociological reasoning: Durkheim's rules for the distinctions of the normal from the pathological; concepts of deviance, disorder and control in the literature of functionalism, and the etiologic approach of social problems. In contrast, reading Canguilhem's works on the concepts of the normal and the pathological, the article suggests that these categories are themselves constructions as a result of contesting values and politics. The argument is further illustrated with an analysis of the medical treatments for the intersexed child, and the politics of normalization within and beyond the medical institutions. The article concludes by suggesting a broader context for the critical edge of queer politics: to problematize the normal rather than the heterosexual.

並列關鍵字

Queer ； Pathology ； Normality ； Social Problem ； Deviance