微波與衛星通訊之島：臺灣長途及國際電信體系建構的政治經濟分析1956-1976

Wiring up the Island by Microwave and Satellite the Establishment of Long Distance and Overseas Telecommunications in Taiwan (1956-1976): A Political Economy Perspective

程宗明(Chung-Ming Cheng)

《台灣社會研究季刊》 25期 (1997/03) Pp. 123-168

https://doi.org/10.29816/TARQSS.199703.0004

摘要

台灣電信歷史的研究向來以編年式地記述出現，忽略分析政經勢力如何支助或干預其發展的軌跡。本文即以台灣早期無線電訊政策爲研究對象，解析其既爲服務軍事動員又爲促進外貿成長的雙元本質，造成經貿網路與海底電纜網路發展不一致的現象，以作爲一種以權力爲核心觀點的本土電訊傳播研究的範例。本文認爲這項矛盾的台灣史實源生自一個互鎖的歷史情結，圍繞著蔣介石、台灣、美軍、日資的種種政經優勢而進行一番角力，造成一個電信體系，既可鞏固蔣介石政權，同時滿足美軍越戰補給的通訊需求，又構連出因戰爭經濟刺激而浮現的台灣外貿網路。

關鍵字

微波 ； 衛星 ； 特高頻 ； 散射科技 ； 海纜 ； 電信傳播政策 ； 台灣電信管理局 ； 國際電信聯盟 ； 亞洲曁遠東經濟委員會 ； 國際電信衛星組織 ； 麥納瑪拉 ； 軍事工業傳播聯合體

並列摘要

The literature of Taiwan telecommunications history was written chronically in a way which caused the scanty attention paid to the issue of how political and economic forces intervened with the process of infrastructure development. For the purpose of building an indigenous studies of Taiwan telecommunications, the policy of early Taiwan wireless telecommunications was investigated in this article. Based on the power perspective, it showed the dual goals of military mobilization and export trade promotion consisting the functions of long distance and overseas telecommunications made the inconsistent development between business connections and submarine cable. This article concluded the contradictory fact was originated from a complex surrounding the conflict interests among Chiang Kai-shek, Taiwan, United States, and Japan. Therefore, the island-backabone of wireless telecommunications was established for fulfilling the strength of Chiang Kai-shek's domination in Taiwan, serving the communications needs of U.S military in Vietnam War, and extending the export trade connections for Taiwan's war-stimulated economy.

並列關鍵字

Microwave ； Satellite ； VHF ； Scattering Technique ； Submarine Cable ； Telecommunications Policy ； TTA ； ITU ； ECAFE ； INTESAT ； McNamara ； Military-Industrial Communications Complex