臨床護理人員壓力源與壓力反應的探討

The Study of Job Stressors and Stress Response of Clinical Nurses

蘇慧瑢(H.R.Su)

《護理研究》 1卷1期 (1993/03) Pp. 83-93

摘要

本研究之目的在瞭解臨床護理人員之工作壓力源及壓力反應的程度，并探討工作壓力源、個人特性與壓力反應的關系。期望研究結果能作為護理行政業務的參考。
本研究采問卷調查法，以國軍五所五級醫院810位護理人員為對象，利用A型人格量表，壓力反應量表，護理人員工作壓力源問卷表研究工具來收集資料。以平均數，標準差，百分比，積差相關，單因子變异數分析及逐步回歸分析統計法來整理分析資料。研究結果發現如下：
一、在工作壓力源方面，護理人員最感困擾的壓力源是工作環境，而以人際關系最低。在37項壓力源中最常困擾護理人員的是人力不足，其次是晉昇機會太少。
二、護理人員的壓力反應大於一般公私立企業之員工，在四構面中以离職傾向最高。
三、年齡、年資、A型人格特質、婚姻、教育程度、工作單位、職位、子女數與壓力反應有關。
四、工作壓力源各構面與壓力反應各構面呈正相關，且達顯著性水準。
五、在自變項中以工作本身最具解釋壓力反應的能力。

關鍵字

工作壓力 ； 工作壓力源 ； 壓力反應

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to understand the job stressors and stress response of clinical nurses, and it explored the relationships among job stressors personal characterisitics and stress response.
This study was conducted by a survey design with 810 subjects included. Data was analyzed by the following methods: percentage, one way ANOVA, correlation and stepwise multiple regression.
The major findings of this study were as follows:
(1) Among job stressors, the greatest stressors perceived by nurses was work environment, and the least was interpersonal relationships.
(2) The stress response of clinical nurses was higher than that of the staff of a general enterprise, and the highest was withdrawal tendency.
(3) Stress response was significantly related to nurses’ age, years as nurse, Type A behavior pattern, marital status, children, units, position, education.
(4) Job stressors were positively related to stress response.
(5) Of all independent variables, work itself was the best one for predicting stress response.

並列關鍵字

strssor ； job stress ； stress response