高麗青瓷紋樣和造型的省思－從「原型」、「祖型」的角度

本文先是指出高麗朝陶工在十二世紀百年之間倣製燒造了在樣式上可早自十世紀末，晚迄十二世紀前期等三個時段的宋代陶瓷。其次，提示北宋《營造法式》載錄的圖樣與高麗青瓷紋樣和造型的類似性，初步梳理了高麗青瓷所見宋代官樣。除了象徵天子的雙角五爪龍紋等少數圖紋之外，宋代官樣往往又做為一種時尚的圖紋風行民間，其來源亦頗為多元，既承襲了唐代的裝飾要素，也參考了外國工藝品的形制，當然也包括宋代人的新設計。

關鍵字

高麗青瓷；汝窯；（李誡）營造法式；宣和博古圖；官樣

並列摘要

This paper first reveals that, during the twelfth century alone, pottery makers of the Goryeo dynasty copied patterns that had appeared on Song ceramics across three periods ranging from the late tenth century to the early twelfth century. Following these findings, the author of this paper indicates the similarity between the illustrations recorded in Yingzao Fashi (Building Standards), a treatise on architectural methods written in the Northern Song period, and the patterns and designs of Goryeo celadon. In so doing, the author preliminarily compiles and examines the official models of the Song dynasty that are observed on Goryeo celadon. Except for a small number of patterns, such as the two-horned five-clawed dragon that symbolizes the Chinese emperor, Song official models often became fashionable patterns among the popular class. These models were derived from a variety of sources, inheriting the decorative elements of the Tang dynasty while referring to the models of foreign artworks and handicrafts. Original designs by the Song people were, of course, among them.