From 2003 to 2013, National Public Library Performance Management evaluations were held a total of four times. 241 out of a total 502 public libraries in Taiwan were awarded. This paper is to study the performance measurement of public libraries. The results are summarized as follows: The national evaluation has guided the direction of public library management, emphasizing and promoting efficiency. For the sake of fairness, the evaluation distinguishes between different grades of public libraries; between one and five sequential levels of the evaluation are used in order to reduce the number of topic questions. Public library management must advance with the times. We suggest that a dedicated evaluation agency for public libraries should be established in order to build an evaluation database, systemize the evaluation process, and enable the evaluation to become fully functional in providing advice and guidance for public libraries.