審議制度與聽證制度關係初探－以南鐵東移案與內政部舉行聽證作業要點為例

本文從新制度經濟學等相關理論觀點探討政府內部所廣泛設置之審議組織制度變遷過程，並以審議民主相關理論探討聽證制度與審議制度之關係？是將聽證制度納入審議制度？亦或是其他妥適的作法？在研究方法上利用文獻分析來收集所需資料，再透過以南鐵東移案與內政部舉行聽證作業要點等實務運作為例，了解政府內部審議組織之組織運作與聽證制度，以探討政府內部審議組織之審議制度與聽證制度的相互關係。本文結論為：1.民眾參與機制應及早及廣納入，以避免因相關計畫早已定案難以撼動。2.相關目的事業主管機關應制訂適合該管業務之聽證程序作業要點。3.應儘速修正主管法令，明文納入聽證作業以為拘束。4.落實聽證記錄為行政處分依據，以落實程序正義，並確保獲得實質正義。

關鍵字

審議制度；新制度經濟學；制度變遷；聽證制度；審議民主

並列摘要

This paper examines government organization from the perspective of new institutional economics and other related theories, and discusses the relationship between the hearing system and the review system by considering the theory of democracy. Is the hearing system incorporated into the review system, or other appropriate practices? The research method uses literature analysis to collect the necessary information, and then the Tainan Railway shift to the East and the hearings of the Ministry of the Interior as an example to understand the internal organization of the examining organization, and discusses the interrelation between organizational review and hearing systems. The conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1. The public participation mechanism should be included early and in a wide range so as to avoid the difficulty of deciding on the plan. 2. The relevant competent authority shall formulate the appropriate operational procedures for the hearing. 3. The law should be amended as soon as possible and expressly included in the hearing operations. 4. Implement the hearing record as the basis for administrative sanctions to enforce procedural justice and ensure substantial justice.