潛水意外事故之相關因素探討

Risk Factors of Diving Accident and Decompression Sickness

牛柯琪(Alan Ko-Chi Nui) ； 賴朝英(Chao-Ying Lai) ； 劉紹興(Saou-Hsing Liou) ； 林灯賦(Teng-Fu Lin) ； 李賢鎧(Hsheng-Kai Lee)

《中華職業醫學雜誌》 2卷4期 (1995/10) Pp. 212-222

摘要

近十年來由於經濟快速起飛和國家建設之需求，與海下技術相關工程大增。臺灣地區自民國65年至80年因減壓病至此二家海軍醫院治療的人數共有3012次；此數目已遠超臺灣同時期其它職業病總數(1493人)，可見減壓病是臺灣最常見的職業病。本文回顧水下工程或娛樂潛水人員可能遭遇的潛水意外事故及發生潛水事故的相因素。潛水意外事故依下潛期，水底期，上升期和上述三種任何期，分別描述各期可能發生的健康危害。另外分別以個人因素及環境因素來探討潛水意外事故可能發生的原因，同時也討論個人及環境因素對減壓病發生的影響。藉此文獻回顧以更進一步探討國人減壓病發生的相關因素，藉著教育訓練以保隌潛水工作人員的安全。

關鍵字

潛水醫學 ； 潛水意外事故 ； 減壓病

並列摘要

Undersea construction was increasing on account of the new National Reconstruction Program enacted recently in Taiwan. Commercial diving, scientific diving, technical diving and recreational (sport) diving have the potential risk of accident and decompression sickness. The decompression sickness was the most popular occupational diseases in Taiwan . There were 3012 case of decompression sickness, with comparison to 1493 cases of other occupational diseases, treated in the two Navy Hospitals from 1976 to 1991. The article reviewed the potential risk of diving and the factors related to development of accident or decompression sickness. The medical problems during diving were classified into the descent, bottom, ascents and after surfacing phases. Individual and environmental factor associated with diving accident and decompression sickness were reviewed to locate the high risk group. With knowledge of diving-related risk facotors and enforcement of training of diving personnels are important ways to prevent the diving workers from accidents and decompression sickness.

並列關鍵字

undersea medicine ； diving accident ； decompression sickness