急重症護理人員面對新冠肺炎的壓力及其相關因素探討

Exploration of Stress on Emergency and Critical Care Nurses facing COVID-19

翁玲子(Ling-Tzu Weng) ； 羅雅芬(Ya Fen Lo) ； 張寶琪(Bao-Chy Chang) ； 張瓈方(Li-Fang Chang) ； 陳淑貞(Shu-Chen Chen) ； 潘雪幸(Hsueh-Hsing Pan)

《中華職業醫學雜誌》 28卷4期 (2021/10) Pp. 299-308

摘要

背景：「嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎」（簡稱新冠肺炎）已造成全球的大流行，護理人員在面臨新冠肺炎的威脅亦承受極大的壓力，目前針對護理人員面對新冠肺炎壓力的相關研究探討較少。目的：本研究探討急重症護理人員面對新冠肺炎的壓力及其相關因素。方法：採橫斷式、描述性、相關性研究設計，收集北部某醫學中心95位護理人員資料，使用個人基本資料、工作相關資料及壓力知覺量表等進行資料收集。以t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關進行單變項推論統計，並使用一般線性回歸模式分析影響急重症護理人員面對新冠肺炎的壓力的相關因素，以p＜0.05為統計上之顯著意義。結果：研究結果顯示急重症護理人員的壓力知覺平均值為24.1分。自覺與家人親密程度（β=3.96,95% CI=0.64-7.28, p=0.022）、自覺家人支持程度（β=-4.90,95% CI=-8.88- -0.92, p=0.018）、曾參與重大意外或災難事件（β=15.97,95% CI=1.35-30.58, p=0.036）等是影響護理人員壓力知覺的相關因素。結論：由本研究結果發現自覺與家人親密程度、自覺家人支持程度、曾參與重大意外或災難事件等是影響護理人員壓力知覺的相關因素。建議未來進一步提供減壓措施，降低急重症護理人員之壓力，進而提升病人安全及照護品質。

關鍵字

護理人員 ； 新冠肺炎 ； 壓力

並列摘要

Background: Severe Pneumonia with Novel Pathogens, also called COVID-19, has caused a global pandemic. Nursing staff are also under great stress when facing the threat. At present, there is little research on them facing the stress of COVID-19. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate stress and related factors among nursing staff of emergency and critical care units who face COVID-19. Methods: We adopted a cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational study design. Data were collected on demographic and working-related characteristics and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Participants were 95 nursing staff in a medical center in North Taiwan. We performed univariate inferential statistical analysis including t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and a general linear regression model to analyze the factors affecting stress among emergency and critical care nursing staff. A threshold of P ＜0.05 was set as a statistical significance. Results: The results showed that the average stress level was 24.1 points among emergency and critical care nurses. Nurses whose closeness with their family (β=3.96, 95% CI=0.64 - 7.28, p = 0.022), had perceived support from their family (β= -4.90, 95%CI= -8.88 - -0.92, p = 0.018), and were involved in major accidents or disasters (β=15.97, 95% CI= 1.35 - 30.58, p = 0.036), had been significantly affected by stress. Conclusion: Based on this finding, it is proposed that these nurses were the important predictors of stress among the staff facing COVID-19. Therefore, it is suggested to provide emergency and critical care nurses intervention to decrease the stress to improve patient safety and quality of care.

並列關鍵字

nurse ； COVID-19 ； stress