壓力調適對醫療職場員工生活品質及職場疲勞的影響－以某醫學中心為例

The effect of stress copying strategies on quality of life and work-related fatigue among healthcare workers: an example from a survey conducted in a medical center

謝蕙宜(Hui-I Hsieh) ； 莊昭華(Chao-Hua Chung) ； 李怡旻(Yi-Min Lee) ； 鍾一如(I-Ju Chung) ； 劉秋月(Chiu-Yueh Liu) ； 魏芳君(Fang-Chun Wei)

《中華職業醫學雜誌》 29卷1期 (2022/01) Pp. 1-14

摘要

醫療機構服務人員因工作環境或作業性質特殊而增加壓力感受，若未能適當調適壓力會增加職場疲勞，除影響生活品質也降低照護品質與個人工作表現，也會增加離職意願。職場健康促進愈來愈受重視，然而針對臺灣醫療院所員工壓力調適與管理成效之相關研究仍較少，這意味相關管理人員對員工壓力調適的重視度仍有待提昇，以期能透過健康促進活動或策略來降低員工職場疲勞與增進生活品質。本研究為橫斷式研究，於2018年5月透過結構問卷調查某醫學中心員工之壓力調適情形，與職場疲勞或生活品質的關係。於回收的385份有效問卷中包含不同職類及年齡受訪者，但以女性（80.5%）及50歲以下者（82.6%）佔多數。對於工作壓力程度與壓力調適給予中等的評價；生活品質各範疇得分以「環境」最低而「生理健康」最佳，相當或略低於臺灣常模值；職場疲勞各構面得分高於全國常模中的醫療保健及社會工作服務業勞工得分，但略較2011年於對同一間醫院員工抽樣調查結果改善；由複迴歸分析結果發現壓力調適能力越好者，其職場疲勞程度越低且生活品質越好。研究結果支持醫療機構管理者，透過辦理壓力調適活動或教導員工如何進行壓力調適等積極有效策略，有助於員工身心健康之維護。

關鍵字

職場健康促進 ； 壓力調適 ； 生活品質 ； 過負荷

並列摘要

Healthcare workers might experience higher levels of job stress because of their unique work situation. If not properly managed, stress can lead to increase work-related fatigue, subsequently reduce health-care quality, impair job performance and increase willingness to leave one's job or occupation. Recently, workplace health promotion had become an important issue. However, there were fewer studies conducted to evaluate the effectivity of stress copying and management strategies for workers in Taiwanese healthcare facilities. This might suggest that it may be necessary to increase managers' awareness of the ability of employees to prevent or reduce job stress, and then reduce workplace fatigue and improve quality of life (QOL) through various health promotion activities or programs. This study is a cross-sectional study using a structured questionnaire and aims to investigate the relationship between stress copying and work-related fatigue or quality of life among employees in a medical center. A total of 385 questionnaires were completed. These respondents included 310 female employees (80.5%) and the majority of them were younger than age 50 years (82.6%). The results of the study showed that subjective job stress scale and self-perceived ability to cope with stress scores of the respondents were medium levels. Respondents had the lowest and highest scores in the environment and physical health domains. The scores of the different aspects of occupational burnout among the subjects were higher than the national norms of health care and social work service workers. However, the results revealed improvement when compared with previous study in 2011. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed a significantly inverse relationship between stress coping ability and work-related fatigue. Our analysis also revealed a positive correlation between quality of life and stress coping ability. Our findings suggest that medical facilities managers should offer stress reduction activities and workplace training programs to their employee to improve their physical and mental health.

並列關鍵字

Workplace health promotion ； coping with stress ； quality of life ； burnout