中華民國64年與67年臺灣區運動會競技體操裁判評審分數客觀性的比較研究

林清和

《體育學報》 3期 (1981/12) Pp. 107-141

https://doi.org/10.6222/pej.0003.198112.1907

摘要

Principal, purpose of this research:
1. To investigate whether the scores given by judges of domestic male and female gymnastics are objective and consistent or not.
2. To compare and to investigate whether the judges of male team and female team of the two gymnastics contests tend to be consistent is score giving, and which is more objective.
Secondary purposes:
1. To investigate the recent level of male and female gymnasts in our country.
2. To investigate the influence of average given by five judges or middle three judges or effective scores (the two middle scores) on the standings in the final of each male or female contest.
3. To calculate the number of times about judge's giving the highest and lowest score in each male or female contest.
The subject and scope of this research is based on the original data of score given by judge of each male or female contest of gymnastics in the 1975's 2nd Taiwan District Games held at Taipei City (48 gymnasts for. horizontal bar, parallel bars, still rings, pommel horse; floor exercise and vaulting respectively in male contest; 59 gymnasts for uneven bars, balance beam, floor exercise and vaulting respectively in. female contest) and the 1978's 5th Taiwan District Games held at Tainan City (44 gymnasts for horizontal bar, 47 for parallel bars, 46 for still rings, 47 for pommel horse, 47 for floor exercise, 47 for vaulting in male contest; 49 gymnasts for uneven bars, balance beam, floor exercise and vaulting respectively in female contest). Having got the data, made the test and comparison by Pearspns Product-Moment Correlation and Difference Between Un-correlation r's, analyzed and discussed, we come to the following conclusions:
1. There are some differences among the scores given by judges of male and female gymnastics in our country. The Correlation Coefficient of evaluated scores and effective scores given by judges of each stage in each contest can be used for judging the objectivity of score given by each judge.
2. In the two games, the score given by male an and female judges of 1978 are more objective than that of 1975 in compulsory exercise. As for the optional exercise, the difference of objectivity of score given by male and female judges of the two games is not significant.
3. In the two games, regardless of compulsory exercise or optional exercise, the domestic evaluation viewpoint of 1978's judges for male and female contests has more tendency of being consistent than that of 19 75's judges for male and female contests.
4. In the two games, the score given by the chief chief judge of each male or female contest is more objective than that given by other judges; and the difference is very significant (p＜0.01).
5. At present, the average standard of each item item of male gymnastics in our country are: bscore about 7.00 for floor exercise and vaulting, score about 5.00 for horizontal bar and parallel bars, score about 3.00 for still rings and pommel horse. Average standard of each item of female gymnastics are: score about 7.00 for floor exercise, score about 6.00 for balance beam and vaulting, score about 5.00 for uneven bars.
66. In each final, if there is equivalence when the standing is decided according to effective score, it may be resolved by adopting the average of score given by middle three persons. If the equivalence still exists, it shall be decided according to the score given by all of the five judges, which shall surely resolve the harm of equal standing, and can produce clear and definite change for reference of the next games.
7. To make statistics for the number of times of the highest or lowest score given by judges of each male or female contest, not only can let us understand whether there is somebody to .be accustomed to giving highest or lowest score, but also can be the reference for inviting and appointing judges in our country at present.

並列摘要

Principal, purpose of this research:
1. To investigate whether the scores given by judges of domestic male and female gymnastics are objective and consistent or not.
2. To compare and to investigate whether the judges of male team and female team of the two gymnastics contests tend to be consistent is score giving, and which is more objective.
Secondary purposes:
1. To investigate the recent level of male and female gymnasts in our country.
2. To investigate the influence of average given by five judges or middle three judges or effective scores (the two middle scores) on the standings in the final of each male or female contest.
3. To calculate the number of times about judge's giving the highest and lowest score in each male or female contest.
The subject and scope of this research is based on the original data of score given by judge of each male or female contest of gymnastics in the 1975's 2nd Taiwan District Games held at Taipei City (48 gymnasts for. horizontal bar, parallel bars, still rings, pommel horse; floor exercise and vaulting respectively in male contest; 59 gymnasts for uneven bars, balance beam, floor exercise and vaulting respectively in. female contest) and the 1978's 5th Taiwan District Games held at Tainan City (44 gymnasts for horizontal bar, 47 for parallel bars, 46 for still rings, 47 for pommel horse, 47 for floor exercise, 47 for vaulting in male contest; 49 gymnasts for uneven bars, balance beam, floor exercise and vaulting respectively in female contest). Having got the data, made the test and comparison by Pearspns Product-Moment Correlation and Difference Between Un-correlation r's, analyzed and discussed, we come to the following conclusions:
1. There are some differences among the scores given by judges of male and female gymnastics in our country. The Correlation Coefficient of evaluated scores and effective scores given by judges of each stage in each contest can be used for judging the objectivity of score given by each judge.
2. In the two games, the score given by male an and female judges of 1978 are more objective than that of 1975 in compulsory exercise. As for the optional exercise, the difference of objectivity of score given by male and female judges of the two games is not significant.
3. In the two games, regardless of compulsory exercise or optional exercise, the domestic evaluation viewpoint of 1978's judges for male and female contests has more tendency of being consistent than that of 19 75's judges for male and female contests.
4. In the two games, the score given by the chief chief judge of each male or female contest is more objective than that given by other judges; and the difference is very significant (p＜0.01).
5. At present, the average standard of each item item of male gymnastics in our country are: bscore about 7.00 for floor exercise and vaulting, score about 5.00 for horizontal bar and parallel bars, score about 3.00 for still rings and pommel horse. Average standard of each item of female gymnastics are: score about 7.00 for floor exercise, score about 6.00 for balance beam and vaulting, score about 5.00 for uneven bars.
66. In each final, if there is equivalence when the standing is decided according to effective score, it may be resolved by adopting the average of score given by middle three persons. If the equivalence still exists, it shall be decided according to the score given by all of the five judges, which shall surely resolve the harm of equal standing, and can produce clear and definite change for reference of the next games.
7. To make statistics for the number of times of the highest or lowest score given by judges of each male or female contest, not only can let us understand whether there is somebody to .be accustomed to giving highest or lowest score, but also can be the reference for inviting and appointing judges in our country at present.