躲避球運動傳入台灣國民小學之歷史考源

A Histroy Study of the Transfer of Dodge Ball into Taiwan's Elementary School

范春源(Chuen-Yuan Fan)

《體育學報》 18期 (1994/12) Pp. 69-77

https://doi.org/10.6222/pej.0018.199412.3407

摘要

躲避球運動是目前國小兒童喜歡的運動項目之一，而此項運動並非是台灣本土原有的運動，它是在怎樣的時代背景下傳入台灣？傳入台灣之後是如何推廣？是本研究的動機與目的。
本研究使用歷史研究法，蒐集相關的史料，追杉躲避球運動傳入台灣國小的根源及傳入後實施之情形。
躲避球的傳入是在1913（大正2）年，伴隨著日本政府公布的「學校體操教授要目」而傳入台灣，該要目適用於在台灣日本人子弟所就讀的小學校。因此，傳入之初僅實施於台灣的小學校。台灣總督府於1917年，以行政命令公布「學校體操教授要目」，要求台灣全省各級學校均須遵照此一要目來授課，所以躲避球運動不僅在小學、中學、職業學校中實施，連師範學校的課程中，亦列有躲避球運動，簡言之，在1917年以後，台灣地區，只要是學生在體操課中就會接觸到躲避球運動。
在實施的實例方面：躲避球運動傳入台灣之初，並無專屬的用球，而是以足球代替；在場地方面，則有圓形與方形躲避球場之分別。躲避球運動傳入台灣之後，台灣總督府以全面的且齊頭並進的方式加以推展，在學生、教師的默默耕耘與向下紮根之下，奠定躲避球運動日後在台灣盛行的基礎。

關鍵字

躲避球 ； 小學

並列摘要

Dodge Ball is one of the popular sports of elementary school children, yet it is not a domestic sport of Taiwan. What is the historic background of its transfer into Taiwan? How was it promoted after the transfer? These two topics are the motivation and objective of this research.
This research applies historic methodlogy and acguires related historic souces to retrospect the origin of the transfer of dodge ball into Taiwanese elementary school.
The conclusion of this research are as follows: Dodge ball was transfered to Taiwan on 1913 accompanling 「Subject outline of school and exercise teaching」 publisized bly Janpanese goverment was applied to the schools attended by Japanese children in Taiwan. Therefore, When dodge ball was first transfered school. Taiwan governor office pulisized 「Subject outline of school exercise teaching」in 1917 as an administrative order, asked all level of schools in Taiwan Province to conform to it. Consequently, dodge ball was included in the courses of elementary school, high school, vocational school and even normal schools. briefly, all level of schools student shad to learn dodge ball in Taiwan are after 1917.
As to the cases of dodge ball teaching, there was not a specific ball and was substituted by soccer. The courts were in two shapes, round and squaer. After the transfer of dodge ball. Taiwan governor office promoted it comprehensively in every level of schools, and formed the foundation of its popularity in Taiwan afterwards.

並列關鍵字

dodge ball ； elementary school