熱身及休息方式對運動者心跳之影響研究

為瞭解運動前熱身方式及運動後休息方式，對運動者生理之影響，本研究以心跳率為指標來進行探討。本研究對象為六位大專男學生，平均年齡為19歲，運動方式為四百米跑步，運動前分為靜態熱身（無熱身）及基本操之動態熱身（有熱身）兩種；運動後休息方式則分為靜態休息及步行之動態休息。每人皆接受四種不同的實驗，並連續記錄受測者心跳。此四種實驗依序為：一、運動前不做熱身同運動後為靜態休息方式。二、運動前不做熱身同運動後為動態休息方式。三、運動前做熱身且同運動後為靜態休息方式。四、運動前做熱身且同運動後為動態休息方式。結果顯示，不論運動後休息方式為靜態或動態，只要運動前做熱身，其運動後之平均心跳皆比運動前不做熱身者為低；而運動後之休息方式則應考慮運動前是否有熱身，若運動前無熱身則運動後之休息方式應考慮使用較緩和之動靜休息方式，此外，因靜態休息比動態休息對心臟之負荷較低，故對未熱身者而言，其運動後心跳率較低，但是由於運動後的氧債有賴持續攝氧量來予以排除，因此，適度的動態休息以提高攝氧量將有助於運動後氧債之排除，至於應選擇何種動態休息方式，使兼顧運動健身與恢復疲勞之效果，則仍有待進一步研究。

關鍵字

心跳率；熱身；休息；運動

並列摘要

To understand the effect of warm-up and relief style on the physical status of exerciser, heart rate measurements were performed during the study. Six male students were recruited from a private college in central Taiwan. The average age of the subjects was 19 years old. The subject’s task was running for 400 meters. No warm-up and warm-up of basic physical drill were assigned before exercise. Meanwhile, rest-relief and work-relief of walking for 400 meters were assigned after exercise as well. Each subject performed four schedules in sequence: no warm-up and rest-relief; no warm-up and work-relief; warm-up and rest-relief; and warm-up and work-relief. Results indicate that the average heart rate with warm-up schedule is lower than that of no warm-up schedule, no matter what style of relief is taken Exerciser taking no warm-up and rest-relief schedule present lower heart rate after exercise than those taking no warm-up and work-relief schedule. Since oxygen debt after exercise can be recovered by increasing oxygen uptake. Which should be completed by exerciser, this study recommended work-relief is necessary. However, further study to clarify an optimal work-relief for the fatigue relief of exercisers should be emphasized.