先行扶手框性能分析及搭設流程之探討

Study on Analysis and Assembling Procedure of the Advancing Guardrail

徐增興(Tseng-Hsing Hsu) ； 張智奇(Chi-Chih Chang) ； 蘇昭慶(Chao-Ching Su)

《勞工安全衛生研究季刊》 20卷1期 (2012/03) Pp. 94-115

https://doi.org/10.7005/JOSH.201203.0095

摘要

都市營建業的開發日益發達，但在高度開發的市區內，施工空間有限。而近年來國內營造業職災比例不斷攀升，在都市高空施工作業中，如何以安全為優先的考量下，妥當架設施工架是相當重要的。施工架的安全性與可靠性直接影響施工架上作業勞工的安全。日本厚生勞動省有鑑於高空施工架搭設的危險性，而發展出先行扶手框的設計與搭設工法，提升勞工在高空作業的安全性。由於國內CNS現有之標準測試仍針對施工架之主體，而非本研究探討之先行扶手框，因此，本研究針對框式施工架之先行扶手框安全性進行相關的研究與分析。本研究依據現有之施工架結構計算方式，設計出一個安全又簡便的框式施工架之先行扶手框搭拆方法，同時配合工地現況設計適合之扶手框型式，並針對市售之先行扶手框進行強度測試，將實驗所得之數據資料進行強度與破壞行為之探討。再以數值模擬方式進行力學行為之分析與評估，並透過實驗與數值模擬分析結果來探討框式施工架之先行扶手框之強度。進一步利用這些實驗與模擬結果來提出先行扶手框在使用時應遵守的設計與搭設參考流程，提供業界在施工時選用先行扶手框的參考依據，期待改善先行扶手框之穩定性及安全性，可降低職業勞工災害意外的發生。

關鍵字

先行扶手框 ； 施工架 ； 建築工程

並列摘要

In highly developed urban area, the space for constructional work is getting more and more restricted. As a result, more and more works have to be done at a higher altitude. This result leads to an increasing number of falling accidents. To reduce the casualty, it is imperative to have a safe and reliable scaffold system. In order to provide a safer working environment for assembling scaffold systems, the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare of Japan develops the advancing guardrail method which guarantees the labor's safety. Since the Chinese National Standard (CNS) only currently provides standard tests for the scaffold systems, this research intends to investigate the security of the advancing guardrail method. The current research designs a safer and simpler procedure for assembling the advancing guardrails. An advancing guardrail suitable to the site condition here in Taiwan is also developed. Strength tests are done on currently available advancing guardrails to study the behavior of failure. Numerical simulations are also performed to analyze the mechanical behavior. The results of both the experiments and simulations are used as the basis for developing new advancing guardrails. The guideline for designing and assembling is also proposed. It is hoped that these efforts can help to reduce the occupational accidents in the construction industry.

並列關鍵字

Advancing guardail ； Scaffold ； Construction building

參考文獻

(Chinese National Standard (CNS). Tubular Steel Scaffolds. Taiwan: The Institute; 2008).

(Chinese National Standard (CNS). Method of Test for Tubular Steel Scaffolds (4750) . Taiwan: The Institute; 2008.).

Institute of Occupational Safety and Health(1991).Occpational Incidents Report, Construction Industry, 1990~1991.,::The Institute.

Institute of Occupational Safety and Health(1993).Occpational Incidents Report, Construction Industry, 1993.,::The Institute.

Institute of Occupational Safety and Health(1994).Occpational Incidents Report, Construction Industry, 1994.,::The Institute.