本研究以香港做為個案,分析近幾年的高學歷臺灣年輕人移往全球城市的跨國遷移現象。本文主要討論三個問題:遷移過程與模式、文化適應與挑戰、以及回流臺灣者的經驗。作者在2012至2015年之間在香港與臺灣面訪了35位臺灣年輕人,以獲得初級研究資料。除了職涯發展與經濟誘因,本文的分析還考慮到臺灣年輕人在香港的文化與社會生活的適應狀況。由於各種原因,將近有七成在香港的臺灣年輕人表達出想要返回臺灣,或己返回臺灣。雖然臺灣很難提供直接的經濟誘因,吸引年輕移民返回臺灣,但是較低的生活成本、較不擁擠的人群、舒服的生活步調、更乾淨的空氣、更好的醫療服務、家庭需求的滿足、以及對臺灣的歸屬感,是促使年輕人返回臺灣的誘因。由於臺灣年輕人在移動上的暫時性質,臺灣政府迫切需要採取鼓勵措施,留住人才,以及吸引從臺灣移出到其他國家的優秀青年回來臺灣 以補充其人力資源。
This study evaluates trends in transnational migration of highly educated young Taiwanese citizens to Hong Kong. Three issues are discussed in this paper: 1) Migration processes and patterns, 2) Cultural adaptation and challenges, and 3) Returning migrants. The data were obtained via face-to-face interviews with 35 young Taiwanese citizens in Hong Kong and Taiwan from 2012 to 2015, utilizing a semi-structured questionnaire. Our analysis took into account the challenges of dialect and unfamiliar culture, social adaptation, high cost of living, and fast-paced life. Close to 70% of young migrants expressed the desire to return to Taiwan for various reasons. Because of labor shortages, the Taiwanese government and private industries need to accelerate the revision of policies and re-invent strategies to retain and retrieve young highly skilled migrants from abroad.