我國立法院全國不分區委員制度之研究

An Analysis of the at Large System in the Legislative Yuan

吳東野(Tung-Yeh Wu)

《選舉研究》 6卷1期 (1999/05) Pp. 143-174

https://doi.org/10.6612/tjes.1999.06.01.143-174

摘要

台灣政治民主化的過程中，抉擇選舉方式向來是國會改革最重要的動力之一。自從民國80年立法院及國民大會選舉設定全國不分區議席以來，即不斷主現出許多問題，社會輿論及各政黨呼籲改革現行選舉方法之聲浪高漲。本文主要是在檢視我國立法院不分區制度運作上的一些問題，同時針對未來的選舉方法改革，提供新的思考面向。鑒於我國立院的不分區議席根本上屬比例代表選舉制，因此本文擬從全球國家採行比例代表選舉方法的相關技術問題與實施經驗，例如選區規模、政黨得票門檻、議席分配方式或政黨提名名單等，藉以分析立法院全國不分區制度對議事運作及政黨生態所造成的影響。

關鍵字

全國不分區 ； 名單比例代表制 ； 半比例代表制 ； 首先跨越門檻者當選 ； 單記非讓渡投票法 ； 選區規模

並列摘要

The choice of electoral system is one of the most important parliamentary reforms for Taiwan's democracy. The at large system of the Legislative Yuan (Li-fa-yuan) and the National Assembly (Kuo-min-ta-hui) since 1992 is found to have numerous deficiencies, both for the nation and for individual political parties, that there is a growing pressure to have the system reformed. In this paper, the author will examine what's wrong with the implementation of the at large system in the Legislative Yuan, what problems the system has caused, and the proposals for reform and the difficulties encountered.Because the consequences of different PR systems for parliamentaryrepresentation are not merely influenced by the ”type” of PR system used but also by a number of other technical-related issues concerning the design of the PR system, the author will detail the important impact of the at large system for the parliamentary representation of political parties in the Legislative Yuan. In addition, relevant technical issues such as district magnitude, the thresholds, apparentement, or closed lists) are examined.

並列關鍵字

at large system ； List PR ； Semi-PR ； First past the post ； Single Non-transferable Vote ； District Magnitude

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