The purpose of this study was to investigate the current situation of teachers' attitudinal organizational commitment and exchangeable organizational commitment from public elementary schools of 22 counties in Taiwan, to analyze how teachers from various backgrounds have their teachers' organizational commitment. The study methods were adopted literature review and questionnaire. This study was proceeding with surveys, 1683 samples were chosen from schools. Finally, 1066 pieces of data were collected and were analyzed through the methods of descriptive and inferential statistics, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé's method, using a SPSS for windows 10.0 package, and the conclusions of this study were as follows (1) The general situations of teachers' organizational commitment in elementary schools were good. (2) The teachers who were male, elderly, senior and administrator show higher teachers' organizational commitment. (3)The teachers who were staying in different area schools show different teachers' organizational commitment. (4) he teachers who were staying in different scale schools show different teachers' organizational commitment. Large scale schools were highest score and middle scale schools were lowest score. Based on the above findings, the study suggests some suggestion.