In this study, chitosan microcapsules containing citronella oil were prepared by complex spry and an orifice method. The morphology of microcapsules was discussed under the various conditions of concentration of chitosan and NaOH, respectively. The release effect of citronella oil also examined at various pH conditions. The results indicated that the optimal formation of microcapsules were prepared at the conditions of 1.0~1.5% chitosan and 3% NaOH liquid solution treated. The oil release rate was decreased with increasing the concentration of chitosan and NaOH, respectively. And the oil release rate also increased with decreasing pH.