福山植物園所發生的鬆材線蟲萎凋病及受害樹種調查

Investigation of the Occurrence of Pine Wilt Disease and Its Naturally Infected Hosts in the Fushan Botanical Garden

張端璋(Ruey-Jang Chang) ； 陸聲山(Sheng-Shan Lu)

《台灣林業科學》 11卷2期 (1996/06) Pp. 201-207

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.199606.0201

摘要

福山植物園內之松樹於1994年萎凋枯死，經病原學探討證實係因感染松材線蟲所致。受害的樹種計有台灣華山松、濕地松、琉球松、展葉松、德達松、台灣二葉松和黑松等七種松科植物，其中以黑松和台灣二葉松受害最為嚴重，不論在苗圃或裸子植物區，兩地的發病率皆超過50%。我們從感病的黑松和琉球松組織分離到較高數量的松材線蟲；而從抗病的德達松和濕地松則分離到較低的線蟲量。比較裸子植物區受害樹種的松材線蟲含量，以琉球松每克鮮重含562隻為最多，其餘依次為黑松、台灣二葉松、濕地松、德達松和展葉松，所帶的松材線蟲量分別為340、132、32、22和9隻。

關鍵字

鬆材線蟲 ； 鬆樹萎凋病 ； 受害樹種

並列摘要

Decline and death of pine trees in the Fushan Botanical Garden in 1994 were demonstrated to be primarily caused by the pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xytophilus, according to our etiological studies. Our survey also indicated that seven Pinus species including: Taiwan armand pine (P. armandii var. mastersiana), slash pine (P. clliottii), Luchu pine (p. luchuensis), Mexican weeping pine (P. patula), loblolly pine (P. taeda), Taiwan red pine (P. taiwanensis) and Japanese black pine (P. thunbergii) were naturally infected by pine wood nematodes. Based on disease incidence, Japanese black pine and Taiwan red pine were the most susceptible species; more than 50% of the investigated plants were infected either at the nursery or at the gymnosperm area. The susceptible Japanese black pine and Luchu pine consistently yielded higher nematode populations than the resistant loblolly and slash pines. Populations of the pine wood nematode recovered from naturally infected pines at the gymnosperm area were 562, 340, 182, 32, 22, and 9 individuals for Luchu pine, Japanese black pine, Taiwan red pine, slash pine, loblolly pine, and Mexican weeping pine, respectively.

並列關鍵字

Bursaphelenchus xylophilus ； pine wilt disease ； naturally infected host