- 期刊
- OpenAccess
森林碳吸存資源調查推估模式系統－以台灣樟樹為例
A Forest Carbon Sequestration Inventory System: An Example of Camphor Trees in Taiwan
摘要
在執行生態系經營與京都議定書中，推估國家層級的森林與土地利用部門的碳吸存、碳貯存和碳取代是非常重要的。首先要建立一個包含單株、林分、森林等多層級的地理資料庫，更而推估碳吸存及碳貯存量。並利用此資料建構機制與實證模式，來瞭解森林的狀況、功能和變遷。本研究乃研擬一套台灣森林碳吸存資源調查推估模式系統，也就是說整合國家資源調查、永久樣區及實證研究之調查資料，在時間、空間的考量下建構國家層級森林碳吸存資源的調查推估系統，可提供台灣每年某一林型、樹種的森林碳吸存與碳貯存量之推估。研究中以樟樹為例子，整合單株、林分、森林三個層級的資料，來推估樟樹的碳貯存量與碳吸存量。在森林層級方面，利用遙航測資料繪製台灣的土地利用型圖及林型圖，並分析台灣樟樹的分布狀況。在林分層級方面，利用林務局設定之84個樟樹永久樣區兩次調查的資料來瞭解林分結構、林分組成及林分生長狀況。在單株層級方面則由99株樟樹根、莖、葉生物量調查資料及84個永久樣區在不同時間點調查的每木生長資料來獲得林木不同部位的生物量比例及生長模式。而其結果顯示地上部的枝葉重在全株生物量所佔比例=0.2002 [DBH/5+1]^(-0.8694)（[]表高斯符號），地下部的根生物量在全株生物量所佔的比例，大約維持在28.95%左右，樟樹推估的結果顯示台灣樟樹國有林班人工林約有7722.66 ha，每公頃主幹生物量約69.86 tons ha^(-1)，含碳量約32.84tons ha^(-1)；每公頃全株生物量平均約92.52 tons ha^(-1)，含碳量約43.48 tons ha^(-1)；而其碳量年增長率約為6%。並利用樟樹的碳推估結果製作每年的碳貯存量分布圖。未來各種林型的碳吸存及碳貯存量，皆可利用此理念、方法及步驟再進行推估。
並列摘要
Estimating the country-based carbon sequestration by forestry and land-use section is very important work in ecosystem management (EM) and putting the Kyoto Protocol into practice. Developing a multi-scale geo-database management system (Geo-DBMS) at the individual tree, stand, ecosystem, and landscape levels is the first step in the process. Then, empirical and mechanistic models have to be developed to obtain spatial information of the status, function, and change in each level. In this paper, we attempted to develop a nationwide carbon sequestration inventory system for Taiwan with data from forest inventories, permanent sampling plots, and research. Integrating data of the tree, stand, and landscape levels to estimate the stock and flux of carbon (carbon sequestration) in various forest types and species is key. Camphor (Cinnamomum camphora) tree plantations were used as an example for estimating the carbon flux and stock in Taiwan. In the forest level, aerial photos were interpreted to produce land-use and land-cover maps of the camphor tree distribution in Taiwan. At the stand level, the stand composition, stand structure, growing stock, and stand growth were estimated from 84 permanent sampling plots for camphor trees. At the tree level, the aboveground weight was surveyed from 99 camphor trees in a biomass inventory in 1995. A camphor tree growth model was also developed for the permanent sampling plots. The models from different levels were integrated to estimate the stock and flux of tree volume and biomass. In the study, the aboveground parts (branches and leaves) accounted for 0.2002 [(DBH/5)+1]^(-0.8694) of the biomass and that of the roots was 28.95%. The results for camphor trees were estimated to be a forest area of camphor tree plantations of 7722.66 ha; stem aboveground biomass of 69.86 tons ha^(-1) and C stock of stems of 32.84 tons ha^(-1); a complete tree biomass of 92.52 tons ha^(-1) and C stock of complete tree of 43.48 tons ha^(-1); and a carbon flux of growth rate of 6%. The carbon stocks of camphor trees were estimated and are displayed in distribution maps of several following years. In the future, we can estimate the stock and flux of each species in Taiwan with this nationallevel forest carbon sequestration inventory system.