Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration from Immature Embryo Cultures of ＂Cinnamomum kanehirae＂

本研究蒐集台北烏來（Wuli）、新竹觀霧森林遊樂區（GuanWu Forest Recreation area）與台中大雪山（Dasyueshan）地區之不同成熟度的牛樟種子進行胚培養。結果只有在胚發育成白色且小於75%種子體積的未成熟胚可誘導體胚再生。將此未成熟胚培養於WPM添加活性炭培養基，胚可發芽或同時誘導體胚再生（somatic embryogenesis）。培養於添加植物生長調節之培養基可直接分化體胚，或先產生癒傷組織再由癒傷組織再生體胚。癒傷組織之體胚再生率以顆粒狀癒傷組織（nodular calli）較鬆軟癒傷組織（friable calli）高，最佳培養基為WM添加0~1 mg/L NAA, 0~0.5 mg/L kinetin, and 1 g/L AC。子葉期體胚可增殖於WM添加1 g/L AC, 3 mg/L NAA, 0.5 mg/L kinetin培養基，40天可增加2.3~2.5倍。將子葉期體胚培養於WPM添加1.5 g/L AC, 26.4 mg/L ABA有58.9%可發芽，50%可發育成健全小苗。小苗移入溫室培養成活率95%以上，將6個月17 cm左右溫室小苗各60株，栽植於南投魚池（Yuchi, Nantou）12個月，平均苗木高為133 ± 31.5 cm，於宜蘭員山（Yuanshan, Yilan）栽植17個月平均苗高為212 ± 42.9 cm。

關鍵字

牛樟；未熟胚培養；植株再生；體胚發生

並列摘要

＂Cinnamomum kanehirae＂ fruits at various stages of maturity were collected from Wulai (Taipei), Guanwu Forest Recreation area (Hsinchu), and Dasyueshan (Taichung) for an analysis of somatic embryogenesis. Only seeds that developed to the white cotyledonary stage which occupied ＜ 75% in the seed volume could induce embryogenesis. Embryos could germinate, and somatic embryogenesis was induced from immature embryos cultured on WPM medium supplemented with activated charcoal (AC). When cultured on medium with a PGR supplement, embryos began somatic embryo differentiation directly or formed a somatic embryo from an intervening callus. Nodular calli had a better somatic embryo regeneration capacity then friable calli. The best medium for somatic embryogenesis was WM medium containing 0~1 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 0~0.5 mg/L kinetin, and 1 g/L AC. The optimum medium for multiplication of white-cotyledonary stage somatic embryos was WM medium supplemented with 1 g/L AC, 3 mg/L NAA, and 0.5~1 mg/L kinetin. After 40 d of culture, somatic embryos had increased to 2.3~2.5 times in fresh weight. When cultured on WPM basal medium supplemented with 26.4 mg/L abscisic acid (ABA) and 1.5 g/L AC, respective rates of germination and normal plantlet development for white cotyledonarystage somatic embryos were 58.9 and 50%. The survival rate of embryogenic plantlets was ＞ 95% after being transferred to a greenhouse. After 6 mo, the plantlets with an average height of 17 cm were transplanted to Yuchi (Nantou) and Yuanshan (Yilan). The average height was 133±31.5 cm 1 yr after transplanting to Yuchi, and was 212 ± 42.9 cm 17 mo after transplanting to Yuanshan.

並列關鍵字

Cinnamomum kanehirae ； immature embryo culture ； plant regeneration ； somatic embryogenesis

國際替代計量

Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration from Immature Embryo Cultures of ＂Cinnamomum kanehirae＂

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