《說文》“从某、象形”例及其相關問題之探討

The Study in the Item, "Based on Which Parts, Pictographs", in Sou-Wen2-Jie3-zi4, and Its Issues Concerning

許錟輝(Tan-Huei Hsu)

《東吳中文學報》 10期 (2004/05) Pp. 53-85

https://doi.org/10.29460/SJCS.200405.0003

摘要

段玉裁謂：「有獨體之象形，有合體之象形。」又謂：「合體者，从某而又象其形。」段氏之說多有商榷之處。本文取《說文解字》說解字形釋為「从某、象形」者一五七字，參考十一位清代以來文字學家之論說，考察此一五七字之形體結構，可析為主體與附加體二部分。復考察其主體與附加體之結合型態，綜為十三類。再考察其主體之成分、附加體之成分、主體與附加體之關係、主體與此字之聲韻關係等，對段氏「合體者，从某而又象其形」之說，有所修正與補充，提供文字學界研究六書類例之參考。

關鍵字

說文解字 ； 說文 ； 許愼 ； 段玉裁 ； 合體象形 ； 象形變例 ； 从某象形

並列摘要

Duan, Yu-cai has commented, ”there are single-part pictographs, and conjoin parts, too”, and ”the Conjoins are based on which parts and images derived from its form.” However, there is something to discuss. deeply in Duan's words generally. This paper discusses the 157 characters, which are ”based on which parts, pictographs” in Sou-wen2-jie3-zi4, referenced with 11 philologists' pieces in Ching Dynasty. I discuss the forms of these 157 characters, and divide into two parts, the main parts (Main) and the subordinate part (Sub) . After researching the conjoin styles of Main and Sub, I deduce them into 13 categories. Then discussing their integrations, relations representatively, and their phonological rules regarding as well, I conclude some revises and supplements about the Duan's words, and also I thought serve these findings as an future researches reference for philological academic field.

並列關鍵字

Sou-wen2-jie3-zi4 ； Sou-wen2 ； Xu3-Shen4 ； Duan Yu-cai ； the conjoins in Chinese philology ； Pictograph variants ； based on which parts ； pictographs

參考文獻

漢許慎著、清段玉裁注(1992)。說文解字。萬卷樓圖書公司。

清王筠(1987)。說文釋例。北京中華書局。

六書淺說

陳新雄、于大成主編(1975)。文字學論文集。文光出版社。

容庚(1971)。中國文字學。廣文書局。