徐陵麗辭之文藝性與實用性

夫文藝之作，刻露皮相之功；實用之篇，潛藏骨筋之勁。皮相表外，尚雕飾以逞華；骨筋弸中，崇蓄積以展義。篇辭有異，「藝」「用」各殊，自非卓犖之才，難具兩端之美。而徐陵才本天縱，創規矩以耀文；學由力成，陳質義以飛實。故得筋強骨勁，氣直達而無遺；用廣藝精，辭傾摛而無愧。以藝而論，規矩紛乘，文壇楷式之方，士子摹擬之則。一曰選聲雕韻，音協馬蹄。二曰鋪采摛文，體成四六。三曰事義融通，使氣靈動。四曰詩賦會合，體趣高妙。就用而言，書謨廣布，為讜論之精義，實忠心之正言。一曰羈北書牘，行李孤憤之詞。二曰歸南篇章，藎臣顯謨之作。藝用並具，才學無偏，乃文章之筌蹄，稱士子之典範也。

關鍵字

徐陵；文藝性；實用性

並列摘要

A writer presents his/her skills of sensational description in a sheer aesthetic composition, while showing systematic thoughts in a practical one. The sensational description is the skin of literature, and the ornamentation is necessitated for pursuing sheer aesthetics. On the other hand, systematic thoughts are the soul of literature, and they cannot be expressed transparently without a writer’s erudition. Only an eminent writer can compose a both aesthetic and practical literature, for sheer art and thought are usually two opposite poles confronting in each work. However, Xu Ling can achieve both of them. He is not only a talent composer who can establish rules of aesthetics, but also a learned scholar who expresses his very thoughts with grounds and facts. Consequently, his compositions have a systematic structure and a tense content; it is decorated by skillful writing, thorough description and extensive citations. The following four rules of aesthetics Xu Ling established had become literature standards and writers' direction. First, the usage of rhyme and sound must be harmonious. Second, a parallel prose requires ornamented sentences and thorough description. Third, the lucid and natural connection of thoughts and illustration will bring a composition vividness. Last, the combination of poetry and prose is a genre that favorably presents profound thoughts. As to Xu Ling's actuality, is presented on his devotional and honest writing. When he was restrained in a foreign country as a minister, he expresses his anger and lonely in letters. After Xu Ling came back his country in the south, the compositions present a loyal official's strategy on politics. Xu Ling's literature acquires both aesthetics and practice, and it becomes not only a tool of expression, but also a paragon for writers.