武風壯盛到重文輕武－再論北齊傾覆之因

關於北齊的覆亡，學界歷來有許多不同的解釋，不過大多仍圍繞著胡漢衝突的理解來加以詮釋，對此，本文則有另一層面的理解。本文認為高洋、高演等人執政時期仍對統一華北懷有雄心壯志，因此重視武風、強調武備，隨之而來的便是武人在政治上具有崇高的地位。到了高湛執政時期，因高湛沈迷於享樂之中，已不復進取之心，恩倖開始掌握大權，北齊也逐漸沈淪。但由於高湛在面臨重大危機時，還懂得任用勳貴武人抵禦外患，因此國家才得以維繫不墜。然而，到了高緯親政之後，他不僅缺乏面對變局的勇氣，還對武人充滿著防備之心，幾次的血腥殺戮幾乎把國之干城屠殺殆盡。輕武的另一面就是重文，高緯愛好詩文，文人乘勢崛起；武人的政治地位因而日趨下降，隨之而來的就是北齊的覆亡。

關鍵字

胡漢衝突；武風壯盛；重文輕武

並列摘要

Since antiquity, countless illustrations have been made by a great number of researchers about the speedy destruction of Northern Chi (北齊) Dynasty in China. However, most theories still focus on the clash of Hu-Han tribes. The paper, therefoew, intend to illustrate the incident from another aspect. In this study, during the regins of kings, Kao Yang, the subsequent Kao Yan, and so forth, they have long been ambitious for the unification of northern China mainland. The emphasis of the spirit of military as well as defense preparatious have thus been reinforced along with the higher political status of being a man of prowess. By the regin of Kao Zhan, he indulges himself in the sensual pleasure rather than aggressiveness. The unduly trusted subordinates have thus held absolute power ever the country. the gradul decline of this dynasty has inevitably formed. In the presence of this significant crisis, the kingdom is free from being collapsed due to Kao Zhan's wisdom to employ his military nobles to fight against the enemies. After the takeover of Kao Wei, he not merely lacks the courage to face the challenge but is vigilant about men of prowess under his bloody massacres, the pillars of the country are almost killed. The other side of contempt for force would be the emphasis on literature. Kao Wei is in faver of literary works so that the scholars rise abruptly as a strong political force. With the gradual political descent of the military officials, the dynasnty is mostly held by the literary circle and the spoiled subordinates. the destruction of Northern Chi Dynasty soon follows.