少年對自殺的看法:國中生焦點團體質性資料分析

Perspectives Relating to Suicide:Qualitative Data from Focus Group Interviews with 7th Graders

林宜平(Yi-Ping Lin) ； 李蘭(Lee-Lan Yen) ； 吳文琪(Wen-Chi Wu)

《Journal of Medical Education》 6卷2期 (2002/06) Pp. 136-146

https://doi.org/10.6145/jme.200206_6(2).0003

摘要

自殺是重要的公共心理衛生議題，為我國青少年的十大死因之一。為深入瞭解目前一般青少年對自殺的看法，本研究利用焦點團體討論的方式收集資料。本研究立意選取62名台北市兩所國中的一年級學生，以6-8人為一組，共九組學生參加30-40分鐘的焦點團體討論。結果發現，參與討論學生認為自殺意念的產生和感受壓力或精神狀況有關。他們因應壓力的方式包括逛街、看電視、打電動等。另外，他他會向同年齡的朋友求助，但沒有人將諮詢機構列為優先求助的對象。他們對自殺事件的描述，多半來自媒體報導，所談論的自殺方式以跳樓最多。對於自殺的後果則提到父母會傷心、見不到朋友、死得很難看等:對於自殺失敗的後果則提到擔心會上報、沒臉見人。大部分的學生均不知如何回答有關生命意義的問題，只有少數一、兩位有思考過這類問題。為避免青少年自殺事件的發生，除了及早發現有異狀的青少年採取防範措施外，另建議在國中階段，提供學生適切的生命教育課程:加強學生解決問題及因應壓力之能力:鼓勵有困擾的青少年向專業人員求助:限制媒體對自殺新聞做過度的報導:以及減少自殺情節的戲劇演出等。

關鍵字

青少年 ； 自殺 ； 焦點團體 ； 質性研究

並列摘要

Suicide is an important public-health issue worldwide. In Taiwan, suicide death is among the top ten causes of death for youth groups. To investigate teenager’s perspectives pertaining to suicide, we conducted focus-group discussions in junior high schools. A total of 62 students in Taipei were divided into nine discussion groups. Analysis of the qualitative data collected in this study indicated that teenagers considered perceived stress and some psychiatric symptoms as the major determinants of suicide. The stress-coping strategies cited by these students included shopping watching TV, playing video games, and behaving aggressively. Students tended to attempt to cope alone or seek peer’s help when they felt stressed. Most of these students’ description of suicidal behavior, especially jumping to one’s death, derived from media reports. As for the consequences of suicide death, they mentioned an ugly death and heart-broken parents, and if the suicide attempts failed, lost face and being talked about or reported to authorities was a necessary consequence. When asked about the meaning of life, only one or two of the students interviewed had given any thought to this issue. In order to prevent teenage suicide, we suggest that junior high schools should develop some preventive programs regarding suicide, and to provide appropriate courses relating to life education. Such a school-based educational program should emphasize the development of students’ problem-solving and stress-coping skills. Additionally, an over-reporting of suicide events in the news of the performance of suicide in TV drama and movie should be prohibited.

並列關鍵字

teenagers ； suicide,focus groups ； qualitative data

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