臺灣地區製造業產業群聚導入數位串流暨人工智慧建構勸服策略可行性之研究

隨著人力短缺、工資上漲、產品交期越來越短、市場需求變動大等問題出現，製造業正面臨新一波轉型挑戰。AI恰巧可以解決人力的缺口問題，同時也可以搭配機器人完成公司內部認知自動化流程。雖然趨勢如此，但企業對於採行該作為仍有諸多疑慮，從政府政策推動或是工協會促進產業升級之角度，應該對企業有良好之勸服策略，本研究結合創新傳佈理論，解構當下採用與影響決策之因素，試圖建構勸服策略，讓政策推動單位可知道要如何設計輔助資源，提升企業之轉型升級意願。本研究與經濟部工業局專案計畫合作，進行半結構式深度訪談。本研究依據產值、數位化程度、區域平衡等三個因素考量下，選擇自行車產業、工具機產業、汽車零組件產業、紡織產業為主要調查產業。接續，以滾雪球方式選取深度訪談對象，受訪者皆為該企業最高主管或生產線最高主管。本研究提出以下三項應用勸服策略：找出合適對象，進行高階經營者說服；適度威脅，並提供解方，加強說服力；促進聯盟，由公信第三方帶頭，提出共利說服。本研究發現，臺灣製造業產業群聚數位串流暨人工智慧應用之創新傳佈狀況，大致符合創新傳佈理論之架構，但新增「主觀規範」此一創新要素，其中需注意的是其對「相對優勢」、「相容性」及「社會體系」的重視度。

關鍵字

製造業；產業群聚；數位串流；人工智慧；勸服策略；創新傳佈

並列摘要

With the emergence of manpower shortages, rising wages, shorter and shorter product delivery periods, and large changes in market demand, the manufacturing industry is facing a new wave of transformation challenges. AI could solve the problem of manpower and complete the company's internal cognitive automation process. Despite this trend, companies still have a lot of doubts about what should be adopted. From the perspective of government policy promotion or industry associations promoting industrial upgrading, they should have a good persuasion strategy. This study applied the ＂Diffusion of Innovation Theory＂ to deconstruct the current adoption. We try to construct persuasive strategies so that policy promoters can know how to design auxiliary resources to enhance the willingness of enterprises to transform and upgrade. In this study, a semi-structured in-depth interview was conducted in cooperation with the project of the Industrial Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Based on the consideration of three factors, including output value, digitization degree, and regional balance, this study selects bicycle industry, machine tool industry, automobile component industry, and textile industry as the main survey industries. Next, select in-depth interview subjects in a snowball way. The interviewees are all the CEOs or the top executives of the production line. This study proposed the following three applied persuasion strategies: find suitable targets and persuade high-level managers; moderate threats and provide solutions to strengthen persuasiveness; promote alliances, led by a trusted third party, and propose mutual persuasion. In addition, this study found that the digital streaming and artificial intelligence application of Taiwan's manufacturing industry clusters' innovation and dissemination conditions are roughly in line with the framework of the ＂Diffusion of Innovation Theory＂. However, an innovative element of ＂Subjective Norm＂ has been added. It is important to pay attention of ＂Relative Advantage＂, ＂Compatibility＂ and ＂Social System＂.