- 期刊
對葉百部萃取液對家白蟻之抗白蟻活性
Antitermitic Activities of Extracts from Stemona tuberosa against Coptotermes Formosanus Shiraki
摘要
本研究係探討對葉百部之乙醇與水冷熱萃取液對家白蟻之活性效果，並與市售百部者比較之。各萃取液之收率結果顯示，乙醇者為9.33－12.31 %；水者為8.57－11.88 %，兩者pH值介於3.54－5.46間，色差值∆E*範園為3.62－9.37。經14天觀察家白蟻（Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki）於毒性試驗之結果得知，市售百部萃取液之家白蟻平均死亡率為85.00－98.75 %，對葉百部者之平均死亡率為94.50－100.00 %，而對照組（乙醇、水）則為25.00－33.75 %，由此推測對葉百部之各萃取液具有毒殺家白蟻成分。又由各萃取液對家白蟻之忌避性試驗經60 min後之結果可知，忌避率介於76.00－94.50 %間。另由乙醇及水熱萃取液14天觀察揮發性試驗結果知，對家白蟻平均死亡率為100%，而乙醇及水冷萃取液者則為28.00－33.00 %。上述結果推知，對葉百部乙醇與水之熱萃取液對家白蟻活性的機制，具有毒性與揮發性之作用，而乙醇與水之冷萃取液對家白蟻則具有毒性之效果。
並列摘要
The extracts of Stemona tuberosa and commercial Stemona radix were extracted by the cold soaking processes and the heat reflux methods with ethanol and water. Antitermitic activities of ethanolic and water extracts against Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki were examined. The yield obtained that the ethanolic extracts were 9.33-12.31 % and the water extracts were 8.57-11.88 %, the pH values were from 3.54 to 5.46, and the range of the color difference values (ΔE*) was between 3.62 and 9.37. The average mortality percentage of Coptotermes formosanu was from 94.50 to 100.00 % after 14 days of the toxicity tests with the extracts of Stemona tuberosa, and between 85.00 and 98.75 % for the extracts of Stemona radix, but 25.00 to 33.75 % for the controls (ethanol or water). The results suggested that the extracts contain some toxicity compounds to Coptotermes formosanus. The repellent percent of termites 60 min after the extracts was between 76.00 and 94.50 %. The average mortality percentage of termites for the volatility tests with ethanolic/water hot extracts were 100 % after 14 days, and 28.00 to 33.00 % for ethanolic/water cold ones. It surmises that for the extracts of Stemona tuberosa, the antitermite activities of the ethanolic/water hot extracts against Coptotermes formosanus are combined with toxicity compounds and volatility mechanisms, while for the ethanolic/water cold extracts the effects only came from toxicity compounds.
延伸閱讀
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