不同玉米青貯料含量完全混合日糧對白羅曼鵝迴腸與盲腸絨毛形態與發育之影響

Effects of Total Mixed Ration with Different Corn Silage Levels on the Morphology and Development of Ileum and Caecum Villus in White Roman Geese

陳盈豪(Yieng-How Chen) ； 龔榮太(Jung-Tai Kung) ； 陳楷勳(Kai-Syun Chen) ； 林炳宏(Ping-Hung Lin)

《嘉大農林學報》 18卷2期 (2021/08) Pp. 1-12

摘要

本試驗之目的係在探討添加不同含量玉米青貯料之完全混合日糧（total mixed ration; TMR）對白羅曼鵝迴腸與盲腸絨毛形態與發育之影響。以滿2週齡體重相近之雌白羅曼鵝144隻，逢機分配於三個處理組，分別餵飼基礎飼糧外加0%（對照組）、15％及30％之玉米青貯料。每處理組24隻飼養於1欄，二重複，採網狀床面飼養，試驗為期10週，飼料及水採任飲食。鵝隻分別於4、8及12週齡時，每組每欄逢機屠宰6隻，供測定迴腸與盲腸絨毛形態觀察及發育測定。結果顯示，在腸道絨毛形態方面，迴腸絨毛頂較寬、呈指狀；盲腸的絨毛呈指狀、舌狀或長寬葉狀，亦有呈皺壁的峭狀。在腸道絨毛發育方面，餵飼不同含量玉米青貯料TMR對4－12週齡生長鵝迴腸絨毛發育影響，於4週齡時以含30%玉米青貯料組之絨毛寬度顯著高於其他處理組（P＜0.05），而在8及12週齡三個處理組間無差異，且在絨毛面積、絨毛高度、腺窩深度及絨毛高度與腺窩深度之比值均無受玉米青貯料含量之影響；但在絨毛寬度、絨毛面積及絨毛高度之發育則受週齡影響（P＜0.01）。盲腸絨毛發育，在4、8及12週齡各生長階段之不同含量玉米青貯料處理組，對絨毛寬度、絨毛高度、腺窩深度及絨毛高度與腺窩深度之比值，均無顯著影響，而絨毛寬度則受週齡之影響（P＜0.05），至於試驗全期鵝隻盲腸絨毛面積以含30%玉米青貯料組最低（P＜0.05），但到12週齡時盲腸的絨毛面積則最高，且玉米青貯料含量與週齡間呈顯著之交互作用（P＜0.05）。綜合上述結果，生長鵝迴腸絨毛形態呈指狀而盲腸絨毛呈指狀、舌狀或長寬葉狀；在試驗全期雖飼糧添加15與30%玉米青貯料，分別有較高的迴腸絨毛面積及較低的盲腸絨毛面積外，但玉米青貯料對絨毛高度、腺窩深度及絨毛高度與腺窩深度比值均無不利影響，而鵝隻迴腸絨毛發育較盲腸絨毛發育受週齡之影響較為明顯。

關鍵字

玉米青貯料 ； 腸道絨毛 ； 白羅曼鵝

並列摘要

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of total mixed ration (TMR) with different corn silage levels on the morphology and development of ileum and caecum villus in White Roman geese. One hundred and forty four 2-weeks-old female goslings were used in this study and were randomly allotted into three treatments, and fed with basal diet plus 0% (control group), 15 % and 30 % corn silage, respectively. Twenty-four goslings were reared in one wire floor pen of each treatment with 2 replicates. Feed and water were supplied ad libutum throughout 10 weeks of experimental period. At 4, 8 and 12 weeks of age, six geese were sampled from each pen and sacrificed for measurements of the ileum and caecum villus morphology and development. Results showed that the morphology of ileum villus were wide and finger-shaped; the cecum villus were finger-shaped, tongue-shaped or long and wide leaf-shaped, and some were wrinkled and steep. In terms of intestinal villus development, feeding different levels of corn silage TMR affects the ileum villus development at 4-12 weeks old geese. At 4 weeks of age, the villus width of the 30% corn silage group was significantly higher than that of other groups (P ＜ 0.05), and there was no diff erence between the three treatment groups at 8 and 12 weeks of age, and the villus area, villus height, crypt depth and villus height to crypt depth ratio were not affected by corn silage level. However, the development of villus width, villus area and villus height were affected by age (P ＜ 0.01). The development of caecum villus, at 4, 8 and 12 weeks of age, at various growth stages and different corn silage levels groups, has no significant effect on villus width, villus height, crypt depth and villus height to crypt depth ratio. The villus width was affected by age (P ＜ 0.05). As for the caecum villus area of the geese in the whole test period, the 30% corn silage group had the lowest villus area (P ＜ 0.05), but at 12 weeks of age, the cecum villus area was the highest and there is a significant interaction between corn silage levels and weeks of age (P ＜ 0.05). From the above results, geese ileum villus was finger-like, while caecum villus were finger-like, tongue-like or long and wide leaf-like. Although 15 and 30% corn silage is added to the diet, there are higher ileum villus area and lower caecum villus area, respectively, there is no adverse effect on the villus height, crypt depth, and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth during the whole experimental period. The development of ileum villus was more affected by age than caecum villus of geese.

並列關鍵字

Corn silage ； Intestinal villus ； White Roman geese