傳播新聞教育如何影響閱聽人解讀－以愛滋病新聞為例

本研究採文化研究中的接收分析取徑，探討熟悉媒體敘事慣例與運作邏輯的新聞相關科系大學生，如何解讀愛滋病／愛滋死亡新聞。研究發現，閱聽人「利他」的自我形塑藉著對愛滋文本的優勢解讀而得以彰顯與維繫，一旦新聞事件涉及「公共安全」、「公共衛生」、「眾人福祉」，愛滋病患便成為「他者」，以便服務自我認同的優越性與正當性。另外，若閱聽人將新聞報導解讀為媒體善盡「告知」的責任，企圖「警惕」大眾、並「阻嚇」可能的犯行者，閱聽人便容易與媒體站在同一陣線，而做出優勢解讀。本研究發現一旦與閱聽人認同建構中重要的價值（如利他主義）相牴觸，對立解讀（反抗文本意涵）便難以開展，而新聞教育亦導致閱聽人易於採納媒介文本的優勢解讀。

關鍵字

接收分析；愛滋病；新聞教育

並列摘要

Applying the approach of reception analysis, the study explored how college students who have majored in communication and journalism interpret AIDS and AIDS death news. It was found, by ”othering” people with AIDS and making dominant decoding of AIDS news in the newspaper, students construct and maintain their self-identity of the merit of altruism. Furthermore, influenced by the training of journalism, the students tend not to criticize the media when the media was conceived of surveying the environment to inform people of danger. The college education of journalism seems to prevent students to make the resistant decoding toward news text.