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日語尾括型意見文的文章構造-以天聲人語爲中心

The Discourse Analysis of final-united Japanese Articles-The Reader's Forum on Asahi Japanese Newspaper

摘要


本研究以新聞投書中出現比率最高的尾括型意見文爲研究對象,針對該類型文章的論述過程進行分析,以求具體解析尾括型意見文的文章構造模式。本研究亦將針對台灣所販售的日語作文教科書內容進行檢討,針對意見文的寫作指導,提出建言。 本研究所使用的分析資料爲2008年1月至2月期間朝日新聞「天聲人語」讀者投書專欄50篇意見文中,所認定爲尾括型意見文的38篇文章,並依照句子機能與話題,將尾括型意見文分爲「開始部‧展開部‧終了部」。依據分析結果,本研究發現:儘管在日語尾括型意見文中,「終了部」會以具體的意見聲明將全部文章總括作結,但在「展開部」中,作者亦會在提供相關情報資訊說明的最後,以個人見解的陳述將「展開部」全文內容作結,換言之,全文有雙重尾括的現象。 此外,本研究另發現日語尾括型意見文在「開始部」中有顯露出作者的態度以導入話題的傾向;文末的具體意見聲明,即全文的主題文,也多以委婉的方式呈現,而非強力的陳述自我主張。 撰寫意見文之際,若能事先掌握文章的架構,理應可以將想要陳述的內容更合理更富邏輯地表達。因此,本研究建議不妨將尾括型意見文的文章構造帶入日語的作文指導中,以讓學習者及早熟悉這些使用率較高的文章構造類型。

關鍵字

意見文 尾括 文章構造 天聲人語 機能

並列摘要


In earlier studies of Japanese articles' structure, most of them pointed out Japanese articles content are usually united by the final part. To understand how the Japanese writer's opinion is logically expressed in those final-united articles, I collected 50 samples from the reader's forum on Japanese news- paper of 2008 Jan-Feb and chose 38 final-united ones to be as analysis target. In this study, I divided the final-united Japanese article into 3 sections: the beginning section, the developing section, and the end section. By analyzing each sentence function and topic, I found even though the article is united by a stronger comment in the end section, the developing section still tends to be united by writer's final opinion behind lots of correlative information. In sort, 2 final united structures are usually found in the final- united Japanese article. Besides, in the beginning section of final-united Japanese article, the writer's subjective attitude is usually appeared to introduce the theme of article, and the writer's comment in the end section is usually expressed in a round-about way instead of directing straightly. By analyzing the Japanese writing texts, I found the article structure not introduced popularly yet. According to my result of Japanese articles in discourse analysis, in the last, I recommend to introduce highly-used Japanese article types to students while we teach Japanese.

參考文獻


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後藤利枝(1999)。ことば。現代日本語研究会。

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