課程繪圖的理念、問題及展望

課程繪圖是紀錄運作課程並加以檢討改進的過程，是重要的課程學術領域，在學校課程改革實務上有相當深刻的影響。國內推動課程繪圖是由大學教育開始，透過通識教育改革、教學卓越計畫、大學評鑑做為媒介，促使大學建置課程地圖，連結於學生能力指標及學習評量機制，並做為學生選課輔導、職涯輔導之用，對於大學教育改革有其價值。惟課程繪圖的推動，必須掌握其基本精神，否則乖違原意便不易產生實效。本文分析學者所提課程繪圖的理念和方法，歸納課程繪圖的特點為：採取「由下而上」改革模式、紀錄運作課程、動員全校教師和行政人員合作、經由教師個別審視及小組檢視、實施課程校準、進行立即改進或研究改進。本文進而指出課程繪圖可能遭遇的問題，包含教師心態、校園文化、繪圖焦點、改革模式及技術導向等，最後提出未來繼續推動的建議。

關鍵字

課程繪圖；課程地圖；運作課程；由下而上改革

並列摘要

Curriculum mapping is a procedure for reviewing and improving the operational curriculum when an electronic database goes with any education setting, Schools and universities now are using curriculum templates that display key components of the curriculum: content, skills, assessments, and other essential elements. In Taiwan, the Ministry of Education encourages colleges and universities to implement curriculum mapping procedure along with competence indicators and learning assessment through projects of general education reform, pursuing university teaching excellence, and university evaluation. This paper discusses some important keys for success in this approach, including operational curriculum recording, curriculum alignment across grade levels and subjects, team work of teachers and administrators, bottom-up reform model, immediate or long-term action for improvement, continuous review process, etc. Furthermore, this paper analyzes possible problems faced in curriculum mapping process, such as teacher worries, planed curriculum based enquiry, competition school culture, top-down reform model, technical- oriented concentration., It is found that curriculum mapping requires a necessary shift in these problems.