This paper mainly discusses and analyzes the reactions to the ”rise of China” in China-U.S. relations and China-Russia relations in several different aspects. First, it analyses the substantive changes in China-U.S. and China-Russia relations from the Cold War era to the post-Cold War period. Next, this paper investigates how the U.S. and Russia are responding to the ”rise of China” in terms of diplomatic relations, economic cooperation, international politics and geopolitical strategies. Finally, this paper analyses the similarities and differences between the U.S. and Russia in the development of relations with China. This study shows that China- U.S. relations is characterized by competition and cooperation in economic issues, but competition and confrontation in military and security issues, while China-Russia relations contain more cooperation than competition, although there are always some conflicts in military cooperation and energy issues.